育龄女性与人口结构 ：探讨现今中国育龄女性的受教育程度 对人口结构的影响 = Women of childbearing age and demographics : the impact of the educational level of current women of childbearing age in China on demographics

• Main Author: 吴羽婷 Wu Yuting
• Other Authors: Fang Xiaoping
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: 2018
• Subjects: DRNTU::Humanities::General::Education
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10356/76057
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

自上世纪80年代开始，中国迈入了经济飞速发展的改革开放时代。在经济快速发展的同时，女性群体的受教育程度也在不断提高。女性在学识、思想和能力等方面有了很大提升。女性的职能不再局限于家庭，也不再依赖男性，开始创造属于自己的事业与财富。在社会改变女性的同时，女性也在改变着这个社会。现今中国正面对着人口年龄结构、性别结构和家庭结构中的三大难题：人口老龄化、性别失衡和高价婚姻。当今学术界普遍认为这些问题是“一胎化”政策的后遗症，其实不然，这些问题产生的根源与中国现今育龄女性的受教育程度有关。本文将以现今中国育龄女性的受教育程度为切入点，以人口年龄结构、性别结构和家庭结构为例，探讨现今中国育龄女性的受教育程度如何影响中国的人口结构。 Since the early 80s, China has entered a stage of reform and rapid economic development. At the same time, the educational level of women is constantly increasing. Women improved greatly in terms of intellect, mindset and competency. Women are no longer restricted to being housewives and are no longer dependent on males, as they start to build their own careers and wealth. While society is changing women, women is also changing society. China today now faces problems from age demographics, gender demographics and family structure: aging population, gender imbalance and the “high bride price” phenomenon. Most researchers hold the view that these issues are the side-effects of the “one-child policy”. The author disagrees and holds the view that these problems are related to the educational level of current women of childbearing age. Focusing on this factor, and providing illustrations from age demographics, gender demographics and family structure, this paper will discuss how the educational level of current women of childbearing age affects China’s demographics.