Typhoon Haiyan overwash sediments from Leyte Gulf coastlines show local spatial variations with hybrid storm and tsunami signatures

Marine inundation associated with the 5 to 8 m storm surge of Typhoon Haiyan in 2013 left overwash sediments inland on the coastal plains of the northwestern shores of Leyte Gulf, Philippines. The Haiyan overwash deposit provides a modern sedimentary record of storm surge deposition from a Category...

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Main Authors: Soria, Janneli Lea A., Switzer, Adam D., Pilarczyk, Jessica E., Siringan, Fernando P., Khan, Nicole S., Fritz, Hermann M.
Other Authors: Asian School of the Environment
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: 2019
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/83406
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/50415
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Institution: Nanyang Technological University
Language: English
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spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-834062020-09-26T21:29:12Z Typhoon Haiyan overwash sediments from Leyte Gulf coastlines show local spatial variations with hybrid storm and tsunami signatures Soria, Janneli Lea A. Switzer, Adam D. Pilarczyk, Jessica E. Siringan, Fernando P. Khan, Nicole S. Fritz, Hermann M. Asian School of the Environment Earth Observatory of Singapore Storm Deposit Tsunami Deposit Science::Geology Marine inundation associated with the 5 to 8 m storm surge of Typhoon Haiyan in 2013 left overwash sediments inland on the coastal plains of the northwestern shores of Leyte Gulf, Philippines. The Haiyan overwash deposit provides a modern sedimentary record of storm surge deposition from a Category 5 landfalling typhoon. We studied overwash sediments at two locations that experienced similar storm surge conditions but represent contrasting sedimentological regimes, namely a siliciclastic coast and a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate coast. The contrasting local geology is significantly reflected in the differences in sediment grain size, composition and sorting at the two sites. The Haiyan overwash sediments are predominantly sand and silt and can be traced up to ~ 1.6 km inland, extending farther beyond the previously reported < 300 m inland limit of sedimentation. Sites with similar geology, topographic relief, and overland flow conditions show significant spatial variability of sediment thickness and inland extent. We infer that other local factors such as small-scale variations in topography and the type of vegetation cover might influence the spatial distribution of overwash sediments. The Haiyan overwash deposits exhibit planar stratification, a coarsening upward sequence, a non-systematic landward fining trend, and a sharp depositional (rarely erosional) basal contact with the underlying substrate. Overall, the Haiyan deposits have sedimentologic and stratigraphic characteristics that show a hybrid signature common to both storm and tsunami deposits. NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore) MOE (Min. of Education, S’pore) Published version 2019-11-15T02:55:31Z 2019-12-06T15:21:48Z 2019-11-15T02:55:31Z 2019-12-06T15:21:48Z 2017 Journal Article Soria, J. L. A., Switzer, A. D., Pilarczyk, J. E., Siringan, F. P., Khan, N. S., & Fritz, H. M. (2017). Typhoon Haiyan overwash sediments from Leyte Gulf coastlines show local spatial variations with hybrid storm and tsunami signatures. Sedimentary Geology, 358121-138. doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2017.06.006 0037-0738 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/83406 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/50415 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2017.06.006 en Sedimentary Geology © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 18 p. application/pdf
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
country Singapore
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic Storm Deposit
Tsunami Deposit
Science::Geology
spellingShingle Storm Deposit
Tsunami Deposit
Science::Geology
Soria, Janneli Lea A.
Switzer, Adam D.
Pilarczyk, Jessica E.
Siringan, Fernando P.
Khan, Nicole S.
Fritz, Hermann M.
Typhoon Haiyan overwash sediments from Leyte Gulf coastlines show local spatial variations with hybrid storm and tsunami signatures
description Marine inundation associated with the 5 to 8 m storm surge of Typhoon Haiyan in 2013 left overwash sediments inland on the coastal plains of the northwestern shores of Leyte Gulf, Philippines. The Haiyan overwash deposit provides a modern sedimentary record of storm surge deposition from a Category 5 landfalling typhoon. We studied overwash sediments at two locations that experienced similar storm surge conditions but represent contrasting sedimentological regimes, namely a siliciclastic coast and a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate coast. The contrasting local geology is significantly reflected in the differences in sediment grain size, composition and sorting at the two sites. The Haiyan overwash sediments are predominantly sand and silt and can be traced up to ~ 1.6 km inland, extending farther beyond the previously reported < 300 m inland limit of sedimentation. Sites with similar geology, topographic relief, and overland flow conditions show significant spatial variability of sediment thickness and inland extent. We infer that other local factors such as small-scale variations in topography and the type of vegetation cover might influence the spatial distribution of overwash sediments. The Haiyan overwash deposits exhibit planar stratification, a coarsening upward sequence, a non-systematic landward fining trend, and a sharp depositional (rarely erosional) basal contact with the underlying substrate. Overall, the Haiyan deposits have sedimentologic and stratigraphic characteristics that show a hybrid signature common to both storm and tsunami deposits.
author2 Asian School of the Environment
author_facet Asian School of the Environment
Soria, Janneli Lea A.
Switzer, Adam D.
Pilarczyk, Jessica E.
Siringan, Fernando P.
Khan, Nicole S.
Fritz, Hermann M.
format Article
author Soria, Janneli Lea A.
Switzer, Adam D.
Pilarczyk, Jessica E.
Siringan, Fernando P.
Khan, Nicole S.
Fritz, Hermann M.
author_sort Soria, Janneli Lea A.
title Typhoon Haiyan overwash sediments from Leyte Gulf coastlines show local spatial variations with hybrid storm and tsunami signatures
title_short Typhoon Haiyan overwash sediments from Leyte Gulf coastlines show local spatial variations with hybrid storm and tsunami signatures
title_full Typhoon Haiyan overwash sediments from Leyte Gulf coastlines show local spatial variations with hybrid storm and tsunami signatures
title_fullStr Typhoon Haiyan overwash sediments from Leyte Gulf coastlines show local spatial variations with hybrid storm and tsunami signatures
title_full_unstemmed Typhoon Haiyan overwash sediments from Leyte Gulf coastlines show local spatial variations with hybrid storm and tsunami signatures
title_sort typhoon haiyan overwash sediments from leyte gulf coastlines show local spatial variations with hybrid storm and tsunami signatures
publishDate 2019
url https://hdl.handle.net/10356/83406
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/50415
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