Lead in the western South China Sea: Evidence of atmospheric deposition and upwelling
In recent decades, rapid industrial developments have increased lead (Pb) inputs to the South China Sea. To quantify the increasing variability, we investigated 170 years of skeletal Pb and Pb isotopes from an offshore, central Vietnamese coral. The Pb/Ca in the coral was 10–16 nmol/mol before the m...
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sg-ntu-dr.10356-838372020-09-26T21:38:45Z Lead in the western South China Sea: Evidence of atmospheric deposition and upwelling Chen, Mengli Goodkin, Nathalie Fairbank Boyle, Edward A. Switzer, Adam Douglas Bolton, Annette Asian School of the Environment Earth Observatory of Singapore Pb isotopes coral In recent decades, rapid industrial developments have increased lead (Pb) inputs to the South China Sea. To quantify the increasing variability, we investigated 170 years of skeletal Pb and Pb isotopes from an offshore, central Vietnamese coral. The Pb/Ca in the coral was 10–16 nmol/mol before the mid-1950s and increased to more than 30 nmol/mol by 2000. While the regional phaseout of leaded petrol commenced in 2000, coral Pb/Ca continued increasing until 2004, possibly due to regional upwelling and the transport of previously emitted Pb from tropical Pacific waters. The 206Pb/207Pb ratio in the coral was 1.191–1.195 before mid-1950s, suggesting natural sources. Since then, the ratio decreased, reaching ~1.165 in 2004. Lead isotopes show high linearity between natural and Chinese emitted Pb, with the latter contributing ~40%~60% of the skeletal Pb after 2000. NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore) MOE (Min. of Education, S’pore) Published version 2016-09-22T05:51:37Z 2019-12-06T15:33:01Z 2016-09-22T05:51:37Z 2019-12-06T15:33:01Z 2016 Journal Article Chen, M., Goodkin, N. F., Boyle, E. A., Switzer, A. D., & Bolton, A. (2016). Lead in the western South China Sea: Evidence of atmospheric deposition and upwelling. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(9), 4490-4499. 0094-8276 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/83837 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/41473 10.1002/2016GL068697 en Geophysical Research Letters ©2016 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. 10 p. application/pdf |
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Pb isotopes coral Chen, Mengli Goodkin, Nathalie Fairbank Boyle, Edward A. Switzer, Adam Douglas Bolton, Annette Lead in the western South China Sea: Evidence of atmospheric deposition and upwelling |
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In recent decades, rapid industrial developments have increased lead (Pb) inputs to the South China Sea. To quantify the increasing variability, we investigated 170 years of skeletal Pb and Pb isotopes from an offshore, central Vietnamese coral. The Pb/Ca in the coral was 10–16 nmol/mol before the mid-1950s and increased to more than 30 nmol/mol by 2000. While the regional phaseout of leaded petrol commenced in 2000, coral Pb/Ca continued increasing until 2004, possibly due to regional upwelling and the transport of previously emitted Pb from tropical Pacific waters. The 206Pb/207Pb ratio in the coral was 1.191–1.195 before mid-1950s, suggesting natural sources. Since then, the ratio decreased, reaching ~1.165 in 2004. Lead isotopes show high linearity between natural and Chinese emitted Pb, with the latter contributing ~40%~60% of the skeletal Pb after 2000. |
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Asian School of the Environment |
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Asian School of the Environment Chen, Mengli Goodkin, Nathalie Fairbank Boyle, Edward A. Switzer, Adam Douglas Bolton, Annette |
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Article |
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Chen, Mengli Goodkin, Nathalie Fairbank Boyle, Edward A. Switzer, Adam Douglas Bolton, Annette |
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Chen, Mengli |
title |
Lead in the western South China Sea: Evidence of atmospheric deposition and upwelling |
title_short |
Lead in the western South China Sea: Evidence of atmospheric deposition and upwelling |
title_full |
Lead in the western South China Sea: Evidence of atmospheric deposition and upwelling |
title_fullStr |
Lead in the western South China Sea: Evidence of atmospheric deposition and upwelling |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lead in the western South China Sea: Evidence of atmospheric deposition and upwelling |
title_sort |
lead in the western south china sea: evidence of atmospheric deposition and upwelling |
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2016 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10356/83837 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/41473 |
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1681059797592440832 |