Two-channel time-frequency audio watermarking

• Main Authors: Hertanto, Richard Nathaniel, Foo, Say Wei
• Other Authors: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
• Format: Conference or Workshop Item
• Language: English
• Published: 2009
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/91127; http://hdl.handle.net/10220/5924
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

The time-frequency audio watermarking scheme [1] operates by removing and adding samples to the frequency spectrum of the audio signals (compression-expansion) as a way to embed watermarks. The watermarks so embedded are identified by comparing the waveforms of the original and the watermarked signals. For a single channel signal, the compression-expansion represents one binary symbol and the unchanged frames in between are taken as the other binary symbol. For audio signals with two channels such as stereo music, a method is proposed in this paper so that compressionexpansion in the two channels are used to represent different binary symbols In addition, some modifications to the original scheme [1] are also presented.