Design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz quantum cascade lasers for high optical gain based on nonequilibrium Green’s function analysis

The nonequilibrium Green’s function approach is applied to the design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) based on a resonant phonon depopulation scheme. The effects of the anticrossing of the injector states and the dipole matrix element of the laser levels...

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Main Authors: Liu, Tao, Kubis, Tillmann, Wang, Qi Jie, Klimeck, Gerhard
Other Authors: School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: 2013
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/94255
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/9124
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Institution: Nanyang Technological University
Language: English
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spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-942552023-02-28T19:38:58Z Design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz quantum cascade lasers for high optical gain based on nonequilibrium Green’s function analysis Liu, Tao Kubis, Tillmann Wang, Qi Jie Klimeck, Gerhard School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering DRNTU::Science::Physics The nonequilibrium Green’s function approach is applied to the design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) based on a resonant phonon depopulation scheme. The effects of the anticrossing of the injector states and the dipole matrix element of the laser levels on the optical gain of THz QCLs are studied. The results show that a design that results in a more pronounced anticrossing of the injector states will achieve a higher optical gain in the indirect pumping scheme compared to the traditional resonant-tunneling injection scheme. This offers in general a more efficient coherent resonant-tunneling transport of electrons in the indirect pumping scheme. It is also shown that, for operating temperatures below 200K and low lasing frequencies, larger dipole matrix elements, i.e., vertical optical transitions, offer a higher optical gain. In contrast, in the case of high lasing frequencies, smaller dipole matrix elements, i.e., diagonal optical transitions are better for achieving a higher optical gain. Published version 2013-02-18T01:03:50Z 2019-12-06T18:53:20Z 2013-02-18T01:03:50Z 2019-12-06T18:53:20Z 2012 2012 Journal Article Liu, T., Kubis, T., Wang, Q., & Klimeck, G. (2012). Design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz quantum cascade lasers for high optical gain based on nonequilibrium Green’s function analysis. Applied Physics Letters, 100(12), 122110-. 0003-6951 https://hdl.handle.net/10356/94255 http://hdl.handle.net/10220/9124 10.1063/1.3697674 en Applied physics letters © 2012 American Institute of Physics. This paper was published in Applied Physics Letters and is made available as an electronic reprint (preprint) with permission of American Institute of Physics. The paper can be found at the following official DOI: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3697674].  One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic or multiple reproduction, distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper is prohibited and is subject to penalties under law. application/pdf
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
continent Asia
country Singapore
Singapore
content_provider NTU Library
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic DRNTU::Science::Physics
spellingShingle DRNTU::Science::Physics
Liu, Tao
Kubis, Tillmann
Wang, Qi Jie
Klimeck, Gerhard
Design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz quantum cascade lasers for high optical gain based on nonequilibrium Green’s function analysis
description The nonequilibrium Green’s function approach is applied to the design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) based on a resonant phonon depopulation scheme. The effects of the anticrossing of the injector states and the dipole matrix element of the laser levels on the optical gain of THz QCLs are studied. The results show that a design that results in a more pronounced anticrossing of the injector states will achieve a higher optical gain in the indirect pumping scheme compared to the traditional resonant-tunneling injection scheme. This offers in general a more efficient coherent resonant-tunneling transport of electrons in the indirect pumping scheme. It is also shown that, for operating temperatures below 200K and low lasing frequencies, larger dipole matrix elements, i.e., vertical optical transitions, offer a higher optical gain. In contrast, in the case of high lasing frequencies, smaller dipole matrix elements, i.e., diagonal optical transitions are better for achieving a higher optical gain.
author2 School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
author_facet School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Liu, Tao
Kubis, Tillmann
Wang, Qi Jie
Klimeck, Gerhard
format Article
author Liu, Tao
Kubis, Tillmann
Wang, Qi Jie
Klimeck, Gerhard
author_sort Liu, Tao
title Design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz quantum cascade lasers for high optical gain based on nonequilibrium Green’s function analysis
title_short Design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz quantum cascade lasers for high optical gain based on nonequilibrium Green’s function analysis
title_full Design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz quantum cascade lasers for high optical gain based on nonequilibrium Green’s function analysis
title_fullStr Design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz quantum cascade lasers for high optical gain based on nonequilibrium Green’s function analysis
title_full_unstemmed Design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz quantum cascade lasers for high optical gain based on nonequilibrium Green’s function analysis
title_sort design of three-well indirect pumping terahertz quantum cascade lasers for high optical gain based on nonequilibrium green’s function analysis
publishDate 2013
url https://hdl.handle.net/10356/94255
http://hdl.handle.net/10220/9124
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