Quantification of PAHs and oxy-PAHs on airborne particulate matter in Chiang Mai, Thailand, using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. An analytical method using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 12 oxygenated PAHs (of which 4 diketones, 3 ketones, 4 aldehydes and one anhydride) on atmospheric particulate ma...

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Main Authors: Walgraeve,C., Chantara,S., Sopajaree,K., De Wispelaere,P.A., Demeestere,K., Van Langenhove,H.R.
Format: Article
Published: Pergamon Press Ltd. 2015
Online Access:http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84923572464&origin=inward
http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/handle/6653943832/39109
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spelling th-cmuir.6653943832-391092015-06-16T08:01:37Z Quantification of PAHs and oxy-PAHs on airborne particulate matter in Chiang Mai, Thailand, using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry Walgraeve,C. Chantara,S. Sopajaree,K. De Wispelaere,P.A. Demeestere,K. Van Langenhove,H.R. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. An analytical method using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 12 oxygenated PAHs (of which 4 diketones, 3 ketones, 4 aldehydes and one anhydride) on atmospheric particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10μm (PM10). The magnetic sector mass spectrometer was run in multiple ion detection mode (MID) with a mass resolution above 10000 (10% valley definition) and allows for a selective accurate mass detection of the characteristic ions of the target analytes. Instrumental detection limits between 0.04pg and 1.34pg were obtained for the PAHs, whereas for the oxy-PAHs they ranged between 0.08pg and 2.13pg. Pressurized liquid extraction using dichloromethane was evaluated and excellent recoveries ranging between 87% and 98% for the PAHs and between 74% and 110% for 10 oxy-PAHs were obtained, when the optimum extraction temperature of 150°C was applied. The developed method was finally used to determine PAHs and oxy-PAHs concentration levels from particulate matter samples collected in the wet season at 4 different locations in Chiang Mai, Thailand (n=72). This study brings forward the first concentration levels of oxy-PAHs in Thailand. The median of the sum of the PAHs and oxy-PAHs concentrations was 3.4ng/m3 and 1.1ng/m3 respectively, which shows the importance of the group of the oxy-PAHs as PM10 constituents. High molecular weight PAHs contributed the most to the ∑PAHs. For example, benzo[ghi]perylene was responsible for 30-44% of the ∑PAHs. The highest contribution to ∑oxy-PAHs came from 1,8-napthalic anhydride (26-78%), followed by anthracene-9,10-dione (4-27%) and 7H-benzo[de]anthracene-7-one (6-26%). Indications of the degradation of PAHs and/or formation of oxy-PAHs were observed. 2015-06-16T08:01:37Z 2015-06-16T08:01:37Z 2015-04-01 Article 13522310 2-s2.0-84923572464 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.02.051 http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84923572464&origin=inward http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/handle/6653943832/39109 Pergamon Press Ltd.
institution Chiang Mai University
building Chiang Mai University Library
country Thailand
collection CMU Intellectual Repository
description © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. An analytical method using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 12 oxygenated PAHs (of which 4 diketones, 3 ketones, 4 aldehydes and one anhydride) on atmospheric particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10μm (PM10). The magnetic sector mass spectrometer was run in multiple ion detection mode (MID) with a mass resolution above 10000 (10% valley definition) and allows for a selective accurate mass detection of the characteristic ions of the target analytes. Instrumental detection limits between 0.04pg and 1.34pg were obtained for the PAHs, whereas for the oxy-PAHs they ranged between 0.08pg and 2.13pg. Pressurized liquid extraction using dichloromethane was evaluated and excellent recoveries ranging between 87% and 98% for the PAHs and between 74% and 110% for 10 oxy-PAHs were obtained, when the optimum extraction temperature of 150°C was applied. The developed method was finally used to determine PAHs and oxy-PAHs concentration levels from particulate matter samples collected in the wet season at 4 different locations in Chiang Mai, Thailand (n=72). This study brings forward the first concentration levels of oxy-PAHs in Thailand. The median of the sum of the PAHs and oxy-PAHs concentrations was 3.4ng/m3 and 1.1ng/m3 respectively, which shows the importance of the group of the oxy-PAHs as PM10 constituents. High molecular weight PAHs contributed the most to the ∑PAHs. For example, benzo[ghi]perylene was responsible for 30-44% of the ∑PAHs. The highest contribution to ∑oxy-PAHs came from 1,8-napthalic anhydride (26-78%), followed by anthracene-9,10-dione (4-27%) and 7H-benzo[de]anthracene-7-one (6-26%). Indications of the degradation of PAHs and/or formation of oxy-PAHs were observed.
format Article
author Walgraeve,C.
Chantara,S.
Sopajaree,K.
De Wispelaere,P.A.
Demeestere,K.
Van Langenhove,H.R.
spellingShingle Walgraeve,C.
Chantara,S.
Sopajaree,K.
De Wispelaere,P.A.
Demeestere,K.
Van Langenhove,H.R.
Quantification of PAHs and oxy-PAHs on airborne particulate matter in Chiang Mai, Thailand, using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry
author_facet Walgraeve,C.
Chantara,S.
Sopajaree,K.
De Wispelaere,P.A.
Demeestere,K.
Van Langenhove,H.R.
author_sort Walgraeve,C.
title Quantification of PAHs and oxy-PAHs on airborne particulate matter in Chiang Mai, Thailand, using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry
title_short Quantification of PAHs and oxy-PAHs on airborne particulate matter in Chiang Mai, Thailand, using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry
title_full Quantification of PAHs and oxy-PAHs on airborne particulate matter in Chiang Mai, Thailand, using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry
title_fullStr Quantification of PAHs and oxy-PAHs on airborne particulate matter in Chiang Mai, Thailand, using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry
title_full_unstemmed Quantification of PAHs and oxy-PAHs on airborne particulate matter in Chiang Mai, Thailand, using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry
title_sort quantification of pahs and oxy-pahs on airborne particulate matter in chiang mai, thailand, using gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry
publisher Pergamon Press Ltd.
publishDate 2015
url http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=84923572464&origin=inward
http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/handle/6653943832/39109
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