Atorvastatin and insulin equally mitigate brain pathology in diabetic rats

© 2018 Elsevier Inc. Although insulin and atorvastatin have been shown to exert glycemic control and could improve brain function, the effects of atorvastatin or insulin as well as the combination of atorvastatin plus insulin on brain pathology in diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) are unclear. Therefo...

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Main Authors: Wasana Pratchayasakul, La ongdao Thongnak, Kenneth Chattipakorn, Anusorn Lungaphin, Anchalee Pongchaidecha, Pattarapong Satjaritanun, Thidarat Jaiwongkam, Sasiwan Kerdphoo, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Format: Journal
Published: 2018
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http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/48491
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spelling th-cmuir.6653943832-484912018-04-25T10:13:03Z Atorvastatin and insulin equally mitigate brain pathology in diabetic rats Wasana Pratchayasakul La ongdao Thongnak Kenneth Chattipakorn Anusorn Lungaphin Anchalee Pongchaidecha Pattarapong Satjaritanun Thidarat Jaiwongkam Sasiwan Kerdphoo Siriporn C. Chattipakorn © 2018 Elsevier Inc. Although insulin and atorvastatin have been shown to exert glycemic control and could improve brain function, the effects of atorvastatin or insulin as well as the combination of atorvastatin plus insulin on brain pathology in diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) are unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of atorvastatin, insulin or combined drugs on brain pathology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thirty-six male rats were divided into two groups, a control group (n = 12) and a diabetic or experimental group (n = 24). Diabetic rats were further divided into four groups (n = 6/group) and the groups received either a vehicle (normal saline), atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day), insulin (4 U/day) or a combination of the drugs for 4 weeks. The control group rats were divided into two groups (n = 6/group) to receive either just the vehicle or atorvastatin for 4 weeks. We found that streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats developed hyperglycemia, showing evidence of increased brain oxidative stress, impaired brain mitochondrial function, increased brain apoptosis, increased tau protein expression, increased phosphorylation of tau protein expression and amyloid beta levels, and decreased dendritic spine density. Although atorvastatin and insulin therapies led to an equal reduction in plasma glucose level in these diabetic rats, the combined drug therapy showed the greatest efficacy in decreasing plasma glucose level. Interestingly, atorvastatin, insulin and the combined drugs equally mitigated brain pathology. Our findings indicate that the combined drug therapy showed the greatest efficacy in improving metabolic parameters. However, atorvastatin, insulin and the combined drug therapy shared a similar efficacy in preventing brain damage in T1DM rats. 2018-04-25T10:13:03Z 2018-04-25T10:13:03Z 2018-03-01 Journal 10960333 0041008X 2-s2.0-85041656105 10.1016/j.taap.2018.01.021 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85041656105&origin=inward http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/48491
institution Chiang Mai University
building Chiang Mai University Library
country Thailand
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description © 2018 Elsevier Inc. Although insulin and atorvastatin have been shown to exert glycemic control and could improve brain function, the effects of atorvastatin or insulin as well as the combination of atorvastatin plus insulin on brain pathology in diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) are unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of atorvastatin, insulin or combined drugs on brain pathology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thirty-six male rats were divided into two groups, a control group (n = 12) and a diabetic or experimental group (n = 24). Diabetic rats were further divided into four groups (n = 6/group) and the groups received either a vehicle (normal saline), atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/day), insulin (4 U/day) or a combination of the drugs for 4 weeks. The control group rats were divided into two groups (n = 6/group) to receive either just the vehicle or atorvastatin for 4 weeks. We found that streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats developed hyperglycemia, showing evidence of increased brain oxidative stress, impaired brain mitochondrial function, increased brain apoptosis, increased tau protein expression, increased phosphorylation of tau protein expression and amyloid beta levels, and decreased dendritic spine density. Although atorvastatin and insulin therapies led to an equal reduction in plasma glucose level in these diabetic rats, the combined drug therapy showed the greatest efficacy in decreasing plasma glucose level. Interestingly, atorvastatin, insulin and the combined drugs equally mitigated brain pathology. Our findings indicate that the combined drug therapy showed the greatest efficacy in improving metabolic parameters. However, atorvastatin, insulin and the combined drug therapy shared a similar efficacy in preventing brain damage in T1DM rats.
format Journal
author Wasana Pratchayasakul
La ongdao Thongnak
Kenneth Chattipakorn
Anusorn Lungaphin
Anchalee Pongchaidecha
Pattarapong Satjaritanun
Thidarat Jaiwongkam
Sasiwan Kerdphoo
Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
spellingShingle Wasana Pratchayasakul
La ongdao Thongnak
Kenneth Chattipakorn
Anusorn Lungaphin
Anchalee Pongchaidecha
Pattarapong Satjaritanun
Thidarat Jaiwongkam
Sasiwan Kerdphoo
Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Atorvastatin and insulin equally mitigate brain pathology in diabetic rats
author_facet Wasana Pratchayasakul
La ongdao Thongnak
Kenneth Chattipakorn
Anusorn Lungaphin
Anchalee Pongchaidecha
Pattarapong Satjaritanun
Thidarat Jaiwongkam
Sasiwan Kerdphoo
Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
author_sort Wasana Pratchayasakul
title Atorvastatin and insulin equally mitigate brain pathology in diabetic rats
title_short Atorvastatin and insulin equally mitigate brain pathology in diabetic rats
title_full Atorvastatin and insulin equally mitigate brain pathology in diabetic rats
title_fullStr Atorvastatin and insulin equally mitigate brain pathology in diabetic rats
title_full_unstemmed Atorvastatin and insulin equally mitigate brain pathology in diabetic rats
title_sort atorvastatin and insulin equally mitigate brain pathology in diabetic rats
publishDate 2018
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85041656105&origin=inward
http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/48491
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