A randomized controlled trial of pentazocine versus ondansetron for the treatment of intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus in patients undergoing cesarean delivery
BACKGROUND:: Ondansetron is effective for the treatment of intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus. There is evidence that κ-opioid receptor agonists have antipruritic activity. Pentazocine is an agonist of κ-opioid receptors and partial agonist at μ-opioid receptors. We therefore performed a randomiz...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal |
| Published: |
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=70350706103&origin=inward http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/49397 |
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| Institution: | Chiang Mai University |
| Summary: | BACKGROUND:: Ondansetron is effective for the treatment of intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus. There is evidence that κ-opioid receptor agonists have antipruritic activity. Pentazocine is an agonist of κ-opioid receptors and partial agonist at μ-opioid receptors. We therefore performed a randomized, double-blind trial to compare the efficacy of pentazocine and ondansetron for the treatment of pruritus associated with intrathecal injection of morphine in patients undergoing cesarean delivery. METHODS:: Two hundred eight parturients who developed moderate to severe pruritus after the administration of intrathecal morphine were randomly allocated to 2 groups: IV pentazocine 15 mg (n = 104) and IV ondansetron 4 mg (n = 104). The successful treatment of pruritus (no or mild pruritus) and other adverse effects were determined 15 min after study drug administration, and patients were observed for recurrence of pruritus for 4 h. RESULTS:: The treatment success rate at 15 min was higher in the pentazocine group (96.1%) than in the ondansetron group (80.8%) (95% confidence interval of difference: 7.0%, 23.8%; P = 0.001). The recurrence rate of moderate to severe pruritus within 4 h after treatment in the pentazocine group (12.0%) was lower than in the ondansetron group (32.1%) (P = 0.001). There were no significant differences between groups in nausea/vomiting, sedation, shivering, pain scores, and pain at injection site. No respiratory depression was observed. CONCLUSIONS:: Pentazocine 15 mg is superior to ondansetron 4 mg for the treatment of intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus and has a lower recurrence rate. The side effects after treatment are mild. Copyright © 2009 International Anesthesia Research Society. |
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