Urinary cadmium threshold to prevent kidney disease development

© 2018 by the authors. The frequently observed association between kidney toxicity and long-term cadmium (Cd) exposure has long been dismissed and deemed not to be of clinical relevance. However, Cd exposure has now been associated with increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). We i...

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Main Authors: Soisungwan Satarug, Werawan Ruangyuttikarn, Muneko Nishijo, Patricia Ruiz
Format: Journal
Published: 2018
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http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/58398
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Institution: Chiang Mai University
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spelling th-cmuir.6653943832-583982018-09-05T04:38:04Z Urinary cadmium threshold to prevent kidney disease development Soisungwan Satarug Werawan Ruangyuttikarn Muneko Nishijo Patricia Ruiz Chemical Engineering Environmental Science Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics © 2018 by the authors. The frequently observed association between kidney toxicity and long-term cadmium (Cd) exposure has long been dismissed and deemed not to be of clinical relevance. However, Cd exposure has now been associated with increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the link that may exist between kidney Cd toxicity markers and clinical kidney function measure such as estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR). We analyzed data from 193 men to 202 women, aged 16-87 years [mean age 48.8 years], who lived in a low- and high-Cd exposure areas in Thailand. The mean (range) urinary Cd level was 5.93 (0.05-57) μg/g creatinine. The mean (range) for estimated GFR was 86.9 (19.6-137.8) mL/min/1.73 m2. Kidney pathology reflected by urinary β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) levels ≥ 300 μg/g creatinine showed an association with 5.32-fold increase in prevalence odds of CKD (p = 0.001), while urinary Cd levels showed an association with a 2.98-fold greater odds of CKD prevalence (p = 0.037). In non-smoking women, Cd in the highest urinary Cd quartile was associated with 18.3 mL/min/1.73 m2lower eGFR value, compared to the lowest quartile (p < 0.001). Evidence for Cd-induced kidney pathology could thus be linked to GFR reduction, and CKD development in Cd-exposed people. These findings may help prioritize efforts to reassess Cd exposure and its impact on population health, given the rising prevalence of CKD globally. 2018-09-05T04:23:34Z 2018-09-05T04:23:34Z 2018-05-01 Journal 23056304 2-s2.0-85047793904 10.3390/toxics6020026 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85047793904&origin=inward http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/58398
institution Chiang Mai University
building Chiang Mai University Library
country Thailand
collection CMU Intellectual Repository
topic Chemical Engineering
Environmental Science
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
spellingShingle Chemical Engineering
Environmental Science
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Soisungwan Satarug
Werawan Ruangyuttikarn
Muneko Nishijo
Patricia Ruiz
Urinary cadmium threshold to prevent kidney disease development
description © 2018 by the authors. The frequently observed association between kidney toxicity and long-term cadmium (Cd) exposure has long been dismissed and deemed not to be of clinical relevance. However, Cd exposure has now been associated with increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the link that may exist between kidney Cd toxicity markers and clinical kidney function measure such as estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR). We analyzed data from 193 men to 202 women, aged 16-87 years [mean age 48.8 years], who lived in a low- and high-Cd exposure areas in Thailand. The mean (range) urinary Cd level was 5.93 (0.05-57) μg/g creatinine. The mean (range) for estimated GFR was 86.9 (19.6-137.8) mL/min/1.73 m2. Kidney pathology reflected by urinary β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) levels ≥ 300 μg/g creatinine showed an association with 5.32-fold increase in prevalence odds of CKD (p = 0.001), while urinary Cd levels showed an association with a 2.98-fold greater odds of CKD prevalence (p = 0.037). In non-smoking women, Cd in the highest urinary Cd quartile was associated with 18.3 mL/min/1.73 m2lower eGFR value, compared to the lowest quartile (p < 0.001). Evidence for Cd-induced kidney pathology could thus be linked to GFR reduction, and CKD development in Cd-exposed people. These findings may help prioritize efforts to reassess Cd exposure and its impact on population health, given the rising prevalence of CKD globally.
format Journal
author Soisungwan Satarug
Werawan Ruangyuttikarn
Muneko Nishijo
Patricia Ruiz
author_facet Soisungwan Satarug
Werawan Ruangyuttikarn
Muneko Nishijo
Patricia Ruiz
author_sort Soisungwan Satarug
title Urinary cadmium threshold to prevent kidney disease development
title_short Urinary cadmium threshold to prevent kidney disease development
title_full Urinary cadmium threshold to prevent kidney disease development
title_fullStr Urinary cadmium threshold to prevent kidney disease development
title_full_unstemmed Urinary cadmium threshold to prevent kidney disease development
title_sort urinary cadmium threshold to prevent kidney disease development
publishDate 2018
url https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85047793904&origin=inward
http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/58398
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