Epidemiological situation of Dengue in Thailand

• Main Author: S. Sucharit
• Other Authors: Mahidol University
• Format: Conference or Workshop Item
• Published: 2018
• Subjects: Immunology and Microbiology; Medicine
• Online Access: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/22574

Dengue haemorrhagic fever is one of the major infectious diseases in Thailand with trend to increase morbidity in its subperiodic fluctuations. All provinces were infected and more prone in Bangkok and other dense populated provinces in the North East. Recently Nakhon Sri Thammarat province in the South was the second rank in morbidity due to the internal migration of labour from the North East to the South working in coffee and oil palm plantation thus causing the South to be the highest epidemic of Dengue in Thailand. Monthly incidences correlated with rain in whole Thailand, but no correlation with rain was found in Bangkok area. The non rain correlation were found in Bangkok and other large metropolis due to continuous supply of pipe water and habit of people storing water for domestic use. All 4 serotypes were found and 10% was one serotype causing primary dengue infection. Eighty to 90% were secondary dengue infection. The most common serotype was dengue 2. Both sexes were equally infected and more in young children than adult, 5-9 year were the most infected age group but there was trend to increase in older age group. Apart from classical dengue, DHF and DSS an extended dengue syndrome was discovered. It was characterized by encephalopathy and hepatic involvement and associated with dengue type 1, 2 and 3 or 4. Inspite of dengue control for 20 years by space spraying with malathion by fogging and or ULV, health education during the outbreak and later on prophylactic spray and source reduction before or during the outbreaks, the rising trends is still observed. The community based Aedes aegypti control programs were launched with good result in some province eg. Phrae and the school children the most vulnerable age for dengue are now thought to be the most efficient way to achieve community participation goal.