Community structure and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in northern-central Myanmar
Background: Myanmar is one of the six countries in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) of Southeast Asia. Malaria vectors comprise many Anopheles species, which vary in abundance and importance in malaria transmission among different geographical locations in the GMS. Information about the species co...
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th-mahidol.740742022-08-04T11:14:07Z Community structure and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in northern-central Myanmar Daibin Zhong Pyae Linn Aung Maung Maung Mya Xiaoming Wang Qian Qin Myat Thu Soe Guofa Zhou Myat Phone Kyaw Jetsumon Sattabongkot Liwang Cui Guiyun Yan Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University Lishui University Morsani College of Medicine University of California, Irvine Myanmar Health Network Organization Immunology and Microbiology Medicine Background: Myanmar is one of the six countries in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) of Southeast Asia. Malaria vectors comprise many Anopheles species, which vary in abundance and importance in malaria transmission among different geographical locations in the GMS. Information about the species composition, abundance, and insecticide resistance status of vectorial systems in Myanmar is scarce, hindering our efforts to effectively control malaria vectors in this region. Methods: During October and November 2019, larvae and adult females of Anopheles mosquitoes were collected in three sentinel villages of Banmauk township in northern Myanmar. Adult female mosquitoes collected by cow-baited tent collection (CBTC) and adults reared from field-collected larvae (RFCL) were used to determine mortality rates and knockdown resistance (kdr) against deltamethrin using the standard WHO susceptibility test. Molecular species identification was performed by multiplex PCR and ITS2 PCR, followed by DNA sequencing. The kdr mutation at position 1014 of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene was genotyped by DNA sequencing for all Anopheles species tested. Results: A total of 1596 Anopheles mosquitoes from seven morphologically identified species groups were bioassayed. Confirmed resistance to deltamethrin was detected in the populations of An. barbirostris (s.l.), An. hyrcanus (s.l.), and An. vagus, while possible resistance was detected in An. annularis (s.l.), An. minimus, and An. tessellatus. Anopheles kochi was found susceptible to deltamethrin. Compared to adults collected by CBTC, female adults from RFCL had significantly lower mortality rates in the four species complexes. A total of 1638 individuals from 22 Anopheles species were molecularly identified, with the four most common species being An. dissidens (20.5%) of the Barbirostris group, An. peditaeniatus (19.4%) of the Hyrcanus group, An. aconitus (13.4%) of the Funestus group, and An. nivipes (11.5%) of the Annularis group. The kdr mutation L1014F was only detected in the homozygous state in two An. subpictus (s.l.) specimens and in a heterozygous state in one An. culicifacies (s.l.) specimen. Conclusions: This study provides updated information about malaria vector species composition and insecticide resistance status in northern Myanmar. The confirmed deltamethrin resistance in multiple species groups constitutes a significant threat to malaria vector control. The lack or low frequency of target-site resistance mutations suggests that other mechanisms are involved in resistance. Continual monitoring of the insecticide resistance of malaria vectors is required for effective vector control and insecticide resistance management. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] 2022-08-04T04:06:25Z 2022-08-04T04:06:25Z 2022-12-01 Article Parasites and Vectors. Vol.15, No.1 (2022) 10.1186/s13071-022-05262-2 17563305 2-s2.0-85129245262 https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/74074 Mahidol University SCOPUS https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85129245262&origin=inward |
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Immunology and Microbiology Medicine Daibin Zhong Pyae Linn Aung Maung Maung Mya Xiaoming Wang Qian Qin Myat Thu Soe Guofa Zhou Myat Phone Kyaw Jetsumon Sattabongkot Liwang Cui Guiyun Yan Community structure and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in northern-central Myanmar |
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Background: Myanmar is one of the six countries in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) of Southeast Asia. Malaria vectors comprise many Anopheles species, which vary in abundance and importance in malaria transmission among different geographical locations in the GMS. Information about the species composition, abundance, and insecticide resistance status of vectorial systems in Myanmar is scarce, hindering our efforts to effectively control malaria vectors in this region. Methods: During October and November 2019, larvae and adult females of Anopheles mosquitoes were collected in three sentinel villages of Banmauk township in northern Myanmar. Adult female mosquitoes collected by cow-baited tent collection (CBTC) and adults reared from field-collected larvae (RFCL) were used to determine mortality rates and knockdown resistance (kdr) against deltamethrin using the standard WHO susceptibility test. Molecular species identification was performed by multiplex PCR and ITS2 PCR, followed by DNA sequencing. The kdr mutation at position 1014 of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene was genotyped by DNA sequencing for all Anopheles species tested. Results: A total of 1596 Anopheles mosquitoes from seven morphologically identified species groups were bioassayed. Confirmed resistance to deltamethrin was detected in the populations of An. barbirostris (s.l.), An. hyrcanus (s.l.), and An. vagus, while possible resistance was detected in An. annularis (s.l.), An. minimus, and An. tessellatus. Anopheles kochi was found susceptible to deltamethrin. Compared to adults collected by CBTC, female adults from RFCL had significantly lower mortality rates in the four species complexes. A total of 1638 individuals from 22 Anopheles species were molecularly identified, with the four most common species being An. dissidens (20.5%) of the Barbirostris group, An. peditaeniatus (19.4%) of the Hyrcanus group, An. aconitus (13.4%) of the Funestus group, and An. nivipes (11.5%) of the Annularis group. The kdr mutation L1014F was only detected in the homozygous state in two An. subpictus (s.l.) specimens and in a heterozygous state in one An. culicifacies (s.l.) specimen. Conclusions: This study provides updated information about malaria vector species composition and insecticide resistance status in northern Myanmar. The confirmed deltamethrin resistance in multiple species groups constitutes a significant threat to malaria vector control. The lack or low frequency of target-site resistance mutations suggests that other mechanisms are involved in resistance. Continual monitoring of the insecticide resistance of malaria vectors is required for effective vector control and insecticide resistance management. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] |
author2 |
Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University |
author_facet |
Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University Daibin Zhong Pyae Linn Aung Maung Maung Mya Xiaoming Wang Qian Qin Myat Thu Soe Guofa Zhou Myat Phone Kyaw Jetsumon Sattabongkot Liwang Cui Guiyun Yan |
format |
Article |
author |
Daibin Zhong Pyae Linn Aung Maung Maung Mya Xiaoming Wang Qian Qin Myat Thu Soe Guofa Zhou Myat Phone Kyaw Jetsumon Sattabongkot Liwang Cui Guiyun Yan |
author_sort |
Daibin Zhong |
title |
Community structure and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in northern-central Myanmar |
title_short |
Community structure and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in northern-central Myanmar |
title_full |
Community structure and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in northern-central Myanmar |
title_fullStr |
Community structure and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in northern-central Myanmar |
title_full_unstemmed |
Community structure and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in northern-central Myanmar |
title_sort |
community structure and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in northern-central myanmar |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/74074 |
_version_ |
1763489859766321152 |