LACCASE PRODUCTION BY Marasmius sp. FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH (OPEFB) USING TRICKLE-BED BIOREACTOR

• Main Author: KHOIRUNNISAA NIM: 21116025, FAIZAH
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/22054
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Laccase is an enzyme that can be used in a variety of biotechnological processes, <br /> <br /> such as the bioremediation of phenol pollutants, dye decolorization on textile <br /> <br /> waste, and pulp bleaching. This is because laccase has a wide substrate specificity, <br /> <br /> eco-friendly, and uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor. Laccase enzyme can <br /> <br /> be produced by white-rot fungi, i.e. Marasmius sp. by degrading lignin <br /> <br /> component of lignocellulose in agricultural waste, such as oil palm empty fruit <br /> <br /> bunches (OPEFB). Utilization of OPEFB can reduce enzyme production costs and <br /> <br /> answering high enzyme demand. Production of laccase enzyme by Marasmius sp. <br /> <br /> from OPEFB can be done using trickle-bed bioreactor with considering the <br /> <br /> aeration rate that may affect the growth and metabolic activity of Marasmius sp. <br /> <br /> The aim of study is to determine the optimum aeration rate (1,0; 1,5; and 2,0 vvm) <br /> <br /> in producing the highest activity of laccase using trickle-bed bioreactor. The <br /> <br /> enzyme production was performed using OPEFB with size of 1 cm and a <br /> <br /> temperature of 32ºC for 14 days. During enzyme production, the Kirk medium <br /> <br /> (initial pH 4,5) was trickled continuously into the bioreactor at a rate of 10 <br /> <br /> mL/min and 1,5 liters of the medium was added on day 1 to 4, day 7, and day 10. <br /> <br /> The effluent is taken every 12 hours for measurement of enzyme activity: laccase, <br /> <br /> lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), and cellulose using the <br /> <br /> spectrophotometric method. In addition; pH, lignin content, and reducing sugars <br /> <br /> were also measured. The results showed that the highest to the lowest laccase <br /> <br /> activity was produced respectively by the aeration rate of 1.5 vvm (36.66 U/mL at <br /> <br /> the 84th hour); 1.0 vvm (23.80 U/mL at the 180th hour); and 2.0 vvm (19.36 U/mL <br /> <br /> at the 84th hour). Other than laccase; the activity of cellulase, LiP, and MnP was <br /> <br /> detected; but their activity was lower than laccase. Based on these results, it can <br /> <br /> be concluded that the aeration rate can affect the laccase activity and the aeration <br /> <br /> rate of 1.5 vvm is the optimum rate for laccase production.