THE EFFECT OF HARVEST AGE ON THE CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM 'NILAM' (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) SHOOT CULTURE ON THIN LAYER CULTURE SYSTEM (TLC)

• Main Author: AMADEA (NIM : 11213031), GRACE
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/22300
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Pogostemon cablin Benth. or better known as patchouli is one of the leading varieties in Indonesia with the highest content of patchouli alcohol compounds compared with other varieties. Patchouli alcohol compounds contained in patchouli oil and is a factor that determines the quality and price of patchouli oil. The existing cultivation method in Indonesia has not been efficient to produce patchouli oil with a minimum of 30% patchouli alcohol content, as a requirement for the patchouli oil traded in the world. One alternative method that can be used for patchouli propagation in controlled environment is the in vitro shoot culture method in thin layer culture (TLC) system. The study was conducted to determine the effect of harvest time on the essential oil content of plant shoots culture and to evaluate the bioconversion of medium substrates into shoot biomass. In this study, patchouli shoots were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media without the addition of growth regulators. This shoot culture was cultivated for 28 days with harvest time variation every 7 days. The growth rate of biomass was 0.054 mg DW/day with doubling time of 12.78 days. The value of the sucrose content and the conductivity of the medium were correlated with the rate of increase in biomass. The yield of patchouli oil obtained ranged from 2.34 – 3.23%. The oil content found on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was farnesane (0,18% - 0,28%), eicosane (1,17% - 4,24%), squalene (0,35% - 0,46%), and most groups of alkanes and fatty acids, however no patchouli alcohol compound was found in the tested oil sample.