THE ADAPTATION OF WOODEN FURNITURE DESIGN DEVELOPMENT FROM XVIII CENTU RY TO XXI CENTURY IN JAVA

• Main Author: Ayu Puspita (NIM: 37014002), Arianti
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/25747
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The development of furniture industry in had been supported by Indonesian advantages in its business landscapes through the availability of abundant amount of timber material and the large amount of its skillful craftsman. Central Java as the origin of furniture industry in Indonesia had spread through the north and west of the area. With all benefit of its competitive advantages, Central Java becoming leading furniture industry manufacturer until today. Raw material of timber has evolving during time and influencing the development of wooden furniture design. Facing continuous challenges in material scarcity of timber, had giving the environmental pressure which affect the relationship between the neccessities of furniture and the availability of natural resources. This perspective giving continuous adjustment that create form of adaptation in various ways such as local wisdom, local-based cultivation system, government policy, and indirect physical cause in the artefact of wooden furniture. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The concept of Cultural Transformation used as main framework to study the adaptation human especially in Indonesia with the environmental issue and the shift of wood character. Transformation loop indicates the key factor to the social-culture phenomenon and economic impact which affect the creativity of wooden furniture design. The first stage of research builded with historical approach, to develop perspective for environmental phenomenon and timber material for the industry. Another theory has been developed is sustainable design strategy in each part of six case study of furniture industries. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> It is found that since the beginning of 19th century the Javanese society has given the guidelines to select, to cut and to preserve the timber. The guidelines can be found in Chentini manuscript, Purwa Panti Djawi manuscript, Kawruh Kalang manuscript, and Titika Wisma manuscript. Centini describing the guideline rules from Keraton (Palace) in utilize the timber in proper way as the environmental wisdom in those days. This rule develop during time. Wood becoming essential material which used for furniture industry in Java. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> This research emphasize a distribution mapping time of furniture transformation during the 18th – 21st century. There are 8 classification in every period of the timeline. In the 18th century, typical of symbolic value, carving and forming adaptation had appeared in most of the observation. In the 19th century, developedfindings could be found in the regulation system. In the 20th century, material issues and dimentional pattern emerged. Then in the late 21st century, technical production process and market demand adaption become the guidelines of its further development. This changing process has giving us the facts that since 19th century the first effort to preserve the availability of raw material has been established to create the regulation adaptation. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Various changing since the 19th century showing us the similarities of design pattern in some of the adaptation process. The most distincitive issues is the limitation and optimizing the utilization of raw material in developing the dimention of the furniture, for example the reduction of wood block used. Those strategy now used as adaptation of dimensional from furniture industry. Adaptation of dimensional affects the limitation of carving decoration as well.