STARCH INCLUSION COMPLEX ES WITH ALIZARIN AND ANTHRAQUINONE
Textile dye production approaches 10 <br /> <br /> k <br /> <br /> tons/year <br /> <br /> globally <br /> <br /> . In general, <br /> <br /> dyes <br /> <br /> use salts of <br /> <br /> heavy met <br...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/26470 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Textile dye production approaches 10 <br />
<br />
k <br />
<br />
tons/year <br />
<br />
globally <br />
<br />
. In general, <br />
<br />
dyes <br />
<br />
use salts of <br />
<br />
heavy met <br />
<br />
als to increase <br />
<br />
dyes <br />
<br />
stability and <br />
<br />
assist <br />
<br />
the application of <br />
<br />
textile dyeing <br />
<br />
. <br />
<br />
Approximately 100 tons <br />
<br />
/ <br />
<br />
y <br />
<br />
ear <br />
<br />
of textile dyes containing such heavy metals are discarded <br />
<br />
which leads to <br />
<br />
water pollution. <br />
<br />
Therefore <br />
<br />
, this re <br />
<br />
search focuse <br />
<br />
s <br />
<br />
on the use of starch to <br />
<br />
c <br />
<br />
omplex dyes such as alizarin and anthraquinone as an alternative to dyes application <br />
<br />
. The <br />
<br />
FTIR <br />
<br />
spectra <br />
<br />
show <br />
<br />
ed <br />
<br />
that <br />
<br />
the complexes <br />
<br />
resembl <br />
<br />
ed <br />
<br />
starch with some shifts in the <br />
<br />
wave <br />
<br />
num <br />
<br />
b <br />
<br />
er of <br />
<br />
3000 cm <br />
<br />
- <br />
<br />
1 <br />
<br />
(O <br />
<br />
- <br />
<br />
H) and 2900 cm <br />
<br />
- <br />
<br />
1 <br />
<br />
(C <br />
<br />
- <br />
<br />
H) indicating the interaction between <br />
<br />
starch <br />
<br />
and dye <br />
<br />
s <br />
<br />
. These results <br />
<br />
were <br />
<br />
supported by <br />
<br />
the <br />
<br />
XRD data <br />
<br />
showing diffraction <br />
<br />
peak <br />
<br />
s <br />
<br />
of 2θ <br />
<br />
of <br />
<br />
10, <br />
<br />
4 <br />
<br />
; 13 <br />
<br />
,2 <br />
<br />
; 2 <br />
<br />
5 <br />
<br />
, <br />
<br />
8 <br />
⁰ <br />
<br />
for starch <br />
<br />
alizarin <br />
<br />
complex <br />
<br />
es <br />
<br />
and 16,6; 24.9; 26.3 <br />
⁰ <br />
<br />
for starch <br />
<br />
– <br />
<br />
anthraquinone <br />
<br />
complex <br />
<br />
es <br />
<br />
. The resulting SEM image <br />
<br />
s <br />
<br />
show <br />
<br />
ed <br />
<br />
that <br />
<br />
the morphology of the <br />
<br />
complexes was different compared to <br />
<br />
each uncomplexed <br />
<br />
starch and <br />
<br />
dyes <br />
<br />
. <br />
<br />
The stability <br />
<br />
of <br />
<br />
the dyes in the starch complexes was tested against pH, storage, and temperature <br />
<br />
. The <br />
<br />
starch <br />
<br />
– <br />
<br />
alizarin complex <br />
<br />
es <br />
<br />
ten <br />
<br />
t <br />
<br />
to be stable at <br />
<br />
low <br />
<br />
pH compared <br />
<br />
to <br />
<br />
high <br />
<br />
pH and ten <br />
<br />
t <br />
<br />
to be <br />
<br />
st <br />
<br />
able <br />
<br />
during storage <br />
<br />
for up to 63 days. Likewise <br />
<br />
, <br />
<br />
the starch <br />
<br />
– <br />
<br />
anthraquinone co <br />
<br />
mplex <br />
<br />
es <br />
<br />
ten <br />
<br />
t <br />
<br />
t <br />
<br />
o be stable <br />
<br />
against <br />
<br />
increasing H <br />
<br />
+ <br />
<br />
concentration. The starch <br />
<br />
– <br />
<br />
alizarin complex <br />
<br />
esone <br />
<br />
were <br />
<br />
stable against the temperature <br />
<br />
which <br />
<br />
were <br />
<br />
indicated in the TGA and DSC re <br />
<br />
sults <br />
<br />
, <br />
<br />
showing initial degradation <br />
<br />
at <br />
<br />
245,9 <br />
⁰ <br />
<br />
C <br />
<br />
. <br />
<br />
Likewise, <br />
<br />
the <br />
<br />
starch <br />
<br />
– <br />
<br />
anthraquinone <br />
<br />
complex <br />
<br />
es <br />
<br />
started to degrade <br />
<br />
at <br />
<br />
248,7 <br />
⁰ <br />
<br />
C <br />
<br />
. The starch <br />
<br />
– <br />
<br />
ali <br />
<br />
zarin complex <br />
<br />
was <br />
<br />
successfully <br />
<br />
used to dye <br />
<br />
white <br />
<br />
cotton <br />
<br />
fabric <br />
<br />
with an optimum ratio of 1: <br />
<br />
1.6 <br />
<br />
with alizarin contents <br />
<br />
of <br />
<br />
3.6% <br />
<br />
. The <br />
<br />
starc <br />
<br />
h <br />
<br />
anthraquinone complexes <br />
<br />
w <br />
<br />
ere not <br />
<br />
yet <br />
<br />
successfully <br />
<br />
applied <br />
<br />
to dye cotton <br />
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