The Hydrolysis of Coconut Kernel Residue by Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma reesei, and Fermentation of Hydrolysate by Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Ethanol Production

• Main Author: Umiasih, Siti
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/34841
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Coconut kernel residue are by-product from coconut processing industry, especially in Indonesia as the world’s second largest producer of coconut. Coconut kernel residue has a high cellulose content that could be converted to be a valuable product, such as ethanol. To manifest an integrated coconut industry, the study of utilization of coconut kernel residue for ethanol production by fermentation has been done. The optimization of inocula ratio has been conducted to obtain the best inocula ratio. The inocula were mixed cultures of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei with inocula ratio of 1:0, 0:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1. The highest reducing sugar equivalent with glucose was 104,27 mg/g by the fourth day of fermentation, obtained from the substrate inoculated with A.niger : T.reesei (1:0). A.niger was used as inoculum in hydrolysis process of coconut kernel residue. The highest reducing sugar was 83,93 mg/g by the second day of fermentation, and the highest CMCase activity was 612,99 U/g from the sixth day of fermentation. Hydrolysis of coconut kernel residue by crude enzyme extract of A.niger produced the highest reducing sugar 139,57 mg/g at the seventh day of fermentation. At the end of the hydrolysis process, the cellulose content of coconut kernel residue decreased up to 10,66%. Ethanol fermentation was done by extracting the coconut kernel residue and inoculated the hydrolysate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae for seven days.