BALANCING ROLES: A STUDY OF WORK-FAMILY SPILLOVER AMONG WORKING MOTHERS IN JAKARTA

• Main Author: Hannum Tambunan, Fauziah
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/40707
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

There is still an underlying perceptions regarding women role. Indonesians’ are influenced by Javanese perceptions that implying that women are a back friend means women are subordinate of men. In context of working, women are expected to do the household chores while men are working. However, women participation rate as labor force in Jakarta is increasing rapidly from time to time making women have multiple roles; being a mother and a worker. This research will examine the effect of these roles to identify the positive and negative impact on their roles using the approach of spillover. The data is obtained through a questionnaire answered by 212 working mothers in Jakarta using Gerson (1985) 24-item scale of dual role also Grzywacz & Marks (2000b) 16-item scale of work-family spillover. The descriptive statistics show that working mothers are experiencing greater family-work positive spillover with a value of 14.85 and the least family-work negative spillover with a value of 13.07. On the other hand, working mothers are experiencing greater role gratification with a value of 39.89 and the least role strain with a value of 35.89. Pearson correlation matrix found that individual and spouse characteristics have a relatively low correlation with work-family spillover and dual role and most of the variables are insignificant toward work-family spillover and dual role. However, the four dimensions of work-family spillover namely work-family positive spillover, work-family negative spillover, family-work positive spillover and family-work negative spillover have a significant value to dual role (role gratification and role strain) at the level of 0.01 and 0.05. Later, researcher further the analysis by conducting classical assumption test and using multiple linear regression and found that family-work spillover has an influence to the role gratification and role strain experienced by working mothers in work domain. In contrary, the work-family spillover is highly favored in role gratification rather than role strain. The work-family spillover is able to explain role gratification and role strain for 35.6% and 43.4% respectively. From the analysis, it is found that family-work domain is an important role in the work-family interface. Therefore, recommendation for an organization/institution is needed to improve the work environment in becoming a gender responsive environment. Organization/institution need to be able to facilitate a lactate room, day care center, medical health and maternity leave, and remote working (work at home).