Modification of Starch Using Citraconic Anhydride and Itaconic Acid for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Petroleum is the main every source for fuel used to support human activities. The primary extraction of petroleum to the reservoir still leaves 60-70% of oil, therefore a method to increase oil recovery from the reservoir is needed. This method is called Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). EOR...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
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| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/42123 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Petroleum is the main every source for fuel used to support human activities. The primary extraction of petroleum to the reservoir still leaves 60-70% of oil, therefore a method to increase oil recovery from the reservoir is needed. This method is called Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR). EOR include a variety of methods that can be used, such as the use of gas, chemicals, water, electricity, and others. In this study the EOR method used is chemical injection. Chemical injection has several purposes in EOR applications and one of its goals is to increase water viscosity. Starch i s the main polymer used in this study. Starch was isolated from cassava and had 14% of yield and an amylose content of 11 .6%. Starch was modifi ed by graft copolymerization and cross!inking methods. The monomer used were citraconic anhydride and itaconic acid. The modified starch was crosslinked to increased its molecular weight. The resulting crosslinked grafted starch was characterized by FTIR, TGA, SEM, viscosity measurements and surface tension. The FTlR showed that starch-g-poly(citraconic anhydride) and starch-g- poly(itaconic acid) had two sharp peaks at wave numbers of
3000 cm-1 and 1700 cm- 1 which showed the typical peaks of the hydroxide and
carbonyl functional groups respectively. The TGA result of the crosslinked polymer showed that it started to degraded thermally at 114-241 oc. The SEM result of starch-g
pol y(citraconic anhydrade) and starch-g-poly(itaconic acid) showed that its had crystalline morphology. The viscosity measum1ents of the crosslinked polymer showed a viscosit y of 0,97, 0,95, and 1 ,9 cP with 5% solution at 25 °C. The surface tension measurments of crosslinked pol ymer showed a tension of 41.21 , 54.36, and
55.37 dyne/em wi th 2000 ppm solution at 25 oc. This viscosity and surface tension
result that the product could not yet be used to increase oil recovery.
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