PENGARUH TEKANAN SALINITAS DAN TEKANAN OKSIDATIF TERHADAP RASIO PRODUKSI ASTAXANTHIN DAN KLOROFIL A PADA KULTUR Chlorella sorokiniana

• Main Author: Ester Patricia Siregar, Agnes
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/42926
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Astaxanthin is a type of secondary carotenoid xanthophyll that has higher antioxidant activity than other types of carotenoids, such as ?, ?-carotene, lutein, cantaxanthin, lycopene, and vitamin E. Astaxanthin can be produced by bacteria, fungi, molds, microalgae, and plants. The microalgae species commonly used in industry as a producer of astaxanthin is Haematococcus pluvialis, but this type of microalgae is slow-growth species and has long extraction process, conducted research using another genus of microalgae as a producer of astaxanthin, namely Chlorella. Chlorophyll is the primary pigment that functions to harvest light and convert them into energy in the process of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is mostly produced during the microbial logarithmic phase, whereas astaxanthin will be made more through the stationary phase. Sodium chloride (NaCl) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can influence the production of astaxanthin through salinity pressure and oxidative pressure on microalgae cells, so this study aims to increase the optimal NaCl and H2O2 for the production of astaxanthin by C. sorokiniana in Bold's Basal medium and how it affects to the ratio of chlorophyll a. NaCl concentration variations used were 0,05 M, 0,2 M, and 0,4 M; while variations in the concentration of H2O2 used were 0,02 mM, 0,2 mM, 2 mM, and 5 mM. The steps taken consisted of making C. sorokiniana growth curves on Bold's Basal medium and on all media with the regulation, extraction and quantification of astaxanthin concentration, extraction and quantification of chlorophyll concentration, cell count calculation, and cell diameter measurement. The results of the growth curve are used to determine the age of the microalgae when it is extracted pigment on day 0, ½ logarithmic phase, stationary initial phase, and stationary middle phase. The number of cells in the variation of NaCl and H2O2 decreases with increasing concentration, while there is no significant difference in the diameter of the compilation microalgae cells that are given permission of NaCl and H2O2. The observations showed that both astaxanthin and chlorophyll increased in each growth phase in all variations of NaCl and H2O2. The ratio of astaxanthin production will be dominant in the stationary middle phase with the highest production in the medium is given by H2O2 2 mM and by NaCl 0,05 M respectively, while the ratio of chlorophyll production will be dominant in the ½ logarithmic phase with the highest production is given by control medium (against all varians of H2O2) and by NaCl 0,05 M respectively.