PEMBENTUKAN NANOPARTIKEL TEPUNG DAGING BIJI MELINJO (Gnetum gnemon L.) DAN KAJIAN POTENSI INHIBISI ENZIM TIROSINASE SECARA IN VITRO

• Main Author: Yuniasih, Jati
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/44277
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Tyrosinase is an enzyme that responsibilities in early stages of melanin formation. Tyrosinase catalyzes L-tyrosine to L-DOPA and becomes a dopaquinon. Melinjo contain resveratrol dimer, gnetin C, which have an inhibitory effects on tyrosinase enzyme. This study aims to examine the potential of tyrosinase inhibition of extract and starch of melinjo seed endosperm also nanoparticles of the starch. Gnetin C has a low solubility so that the formation of nanoparticles is expected to increase its solubility and implicate on increased the inhibitory effect. The extract used consisted of green, orange, and red melinjo seed with the IC50 value were 208.59 µg/ml, 323.37 µg/ml and 360 µg/ml, respectively. These results indicate the activity of green melinjo seed extract is more potent than the three. Tests on the starch prepared with two treatments that are not separated and separated from the powder, IC50 value were 4.17 mg/ml and 5.22 mg/ml respectively. These results show the effect of starch on the activity. Therefore, the test of nanonized starch is performed by not separating the starch. The preparation of nanoparticles is performed by using ball milling and ultrasonication using probe sonicator. The nanonized starch is red mellinjo seed endosperm because it shows the best stability for the nanonization process. Ultrasonication is performed with 2 treatment by using poloxamer as stabilizer and not using poloxamer. The results show that the use of poloxamer reducing aggregation is indicated by the reduction of particle size over the duration of ultrasonication. Whereas, without poloxamer showing aggregation with the duration of ultrasonication is indicated by increasing particle size after 4 minute sonication. However, the inhibition activity of tyrosinase enzyme from powder without poloxamer is higher than powder with poloxamer. This is due to the poloxamer that can increase the viscosity thus affecting the diffusion of gnetin C to interact with the enzyme.