ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF “BITTER HONEY”AGAINTS GRAM NEGATIVE AND GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA AND THE POTENCY OF “BITTER HONEY”COMPARED TO CHLORAMPHENICOL, OXYTETRACYCLINE AND GENTAMICIN ANTIBIOTICS

• Main Author: Astrini, Dwie
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45242
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Background and objective: There are several types of “bitter honey”available found in the market. However the scientific information regarding the efficacy of “bitter honey”is not widely known yet. Traditionally, “bitter honey”is known has antibacterial effects and can treat infection disease. With the increasing in prevalence of antibiotics resistant bacteria, honey is more considered used due to antibacterial activity. The aim of this research are to determine the antibacterial activity of “bitter honey”against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria tested and to evaluate the potency of “bitter honey”compared to antibiotics i.e chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline, and gentamycin. Methods: The antibacterial activity was screened using three Gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and five Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes). Samples of honey used in this research consist of seven samples of “bitter honey”(A, B, C, D, E, F, and G) and two samples of sweet honey (H and I). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) have been tested using broth dilution method with 10 concentrations (honey without dilution, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, and 10% w/v). The “bitter honey”that showed the best antibacterial activity then tested for their potential activity againts chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline and gentamicin antibiotics. Results: Seven samples of “bitter honey”exhibit higher level of activity against Gram negative than Gram positive bacteria tested. The diameter of inhibition against Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli are 25.0-35,9 mm and 26.2- 35.0 mm. MIC of “bitter honey” against the tested bacteria were varies between 30-60% w/v and MBC between 30- 80% b/v. Based on the result of comparative study to antibiotics, 1 mL of “bitter honey”C and D are equal to 2.1872 and 1.8384 mg chloramphenicol, 0.0371 and 0.0317 mg oxytetracycline and 0,0131 and 0,0130 mg gentamycin. Conclusion: The “bitter honey”in this research exhibits antibacterial activity against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria tested.