ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FRACTION OF SOURSOP LEAVES (ANNONA MURICATA L.) ON SWISS WEBSTER MALE MICE

• Main Author: Haraya Nur Fitriani, Nisa
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/45991
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia. The prevalence of this disease gradually increases every year in many countries. Previous research has been conducted on the antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extract of soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) in three kinds of dosage, 50 mg kg bw, 100 mg/kg bw, and 200 mg/kg bw toward alloxan-induced diabetic Swiss Webster male mice. The purpose of this research is to determine the fraction of the ethanolic extract of soursop leaves which has the highest activity in lowering blood glucose levels in induced diabetic mice and determine the possibility mechanism of action of the extract fractions. This study used three methods, glucose tolerance test, alloxan antidiabetic test, and insulin tolerance test. In glucose tolerance method, blood glucose level was measured every 30 minutes for 2 hours after oral administration of glucose solution 3 g/kg bw with glibenclamide 0.65 mg/kg bw as comparison group. In alloxan antidiabetic test, blood glucose level was measured in day 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14. On the next day, the mice were sacrificed and their pancreases were observed by Gomori staining. The third test method was insulin tolerance test. The mice were induced by high-fat emulsion for 14 days and then given tested material for 14 days with metformin 195 mg/kg bw as comparison group. Insulin sensitivity was determined by the value of insulin tolerance test constanta (CITT). In glucose tolerance test, the entire tested groups had the ability to inhibit the excessive increasing of blood glucose levels after glucose administration and restore blood glucose levels close to the normal state. In alloxan antidiabetic mice test, the entire tested groups showed the ability to decrease blood glucose levels in day 14. Based on the result of pancreas histology, the entire tested groups had more beta cells and larger average area of islet Langerhans than the positive control group. In insulin tolerance test, the entire tested groups also showed improvement in the value of CITT after administration of tested material for 14 days. The results of glucose tolerance test and alloxan antidiabetic test showed that all three fractions of ethanolic extract of soursop leaves had antidiabetic activity. The highest activity was shown by water fraction with dose of 50 mg/kg bw. All fractions had the ability to induce proliferation of pancreatic beta cells and increase tissue sensitivity to insulin. Extract of soursoup leaves with dose of 100 mg/kg bw had better antidiabetic activity than their fractions.