ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF SEMUT JEPANG POWDER (TENEBRIO MOLITOR LINN.) ON SWISS WEBSTER MALE MICE

• Main Author: Samsul, Erwin
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/46931
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Background and objectives : Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemic condition due to disruption of insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity or both. It is related to abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism, fat metabolism, and protein metabolism, as well as conditions of hyperglycemic which lead to chronic complications including microvascular, macrovascular and neuropathic disorders. Semut Jepang (SJ) is a species of beetle belongs to the familia of Tenebrionidae, colored black or dark brown with length of 5-7 mm. It’s lifecycle consists of the egg stages, larva stages, pupa stages, young semut jepang stages and adult semut jepang stages. The beetle took 60 days to become adult. The adult semut jepang has been used by Indonesia society to decrease blood glucose level, however, it is not supported by scientific data as antidiabetes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the antidiabetic activity of semut jepang powder in mice. Methods : The study was done with two methods, the first method is a method of glucose tolerance with the modification of loading carbohydrates which were glucose, sucrose, and starch, and the second method is the antihyperglycemia method in alloxan-induced mice. On the methods of glucose tolerance, the mice are divided into 5 groups which were the negative control group (Na CMC 1%), the positive control group (glibenclamide 5 mg/kg bw) and 3 testing groups of semut jepang powder with doses of 9 mg/kg bw (SJ 9), 45 mg/kg bw (SJ 45), and 90 mg/kg bw (SJ 90). Measurement of blood glucose level was conducted immediately after the mice were fasted, 30 th minute, 60 th minute, 90 th minute, and 120 th minute. On the method of antihyperglycemia in alloxan-induced mice, the mice are divided into 6 groups which were the normal control group (Na CMC 1% without alloxaninduced), the negative control group (Na CMC 1%), the positive control group (glibenclamide 5 mg/kg bw), and 3 testing groups of semut jepang powder with doses of 9 mg/kg bw (SJ 9), 45 mg/kg bw (SJ 45), and 90 mg/kg bw (SJ 90). Measurement of blood glucose level was conducted on the 1 st day, 3 rd day, 7 th day, and 14 th day. Results : The administration of SJ 90 and SJ 45 suppressed the increase of blood glucose level with the percentage decrease in blood glucose levels over the past 120 minutes of 24.2% and 27.7% in loading glucose, 22.4% and 21.9% in loading sucrose, and 17% and 21.7% in loading starch, respectively, but the percentage decrease in blood glucose levels was lower compared to the positive control group of glibenclamide with the percentage of 36.8% in loading glucose, 23.2% in loading sucrose, and 22.6% in loading starch. On the method of antihyperglycemia in alloxan-induced mice, SJ 45 and 90 have a significant v difference compared to the group of glibenclamide, which indicated that SJ 90 and SJ 45 were better in lowering blood glucose level with the percentage of 44.07% and 39.96% compared to the positive control group glibenclamide with percentage 20.05%, respectively. Conclusions : Based on the evaluation of glucose tolerance method semut jepang powder (Tenebrio molitor Linn.) at doses of 45 and 90 mg/kg bw had the ability to lower blood glucose levels by administering a load of glucose, sucrose, and starch, eventhough the result was lower than the glibenclamide of 5 mg/kg bw. Semut jepang powder at doses of 45 and 90 mg/kg bw gave a better effect than that of glibenclamide 5 mg/kg bw in lowering blood glucose level of alloxan diabetic mice.