PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN TANAMAN KEDELAI (GLYCINE MAX (L. MERR.) DALAM KULTUR MURNI DAN KULTUR CAMPURAN DENGAN TANAMAN JAGUNG ( ZEA MAYSL.)

• Main Author: Muh.Harjoni KW, Laode
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Ilmu hayati ; Biologi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/4949
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<b>Abstract :</b><p align="justify"> <br /> <br /> Reproductive development of soybean crop was divided into eight stages, from the initiation of flowering (R,) to full maturity (R8). During its reproductive development soybean crop is sensitive to environment stress, such as competition with other crop. In this experiment, the growth and development of soybean during its reproductive development in pure and mixed cultures with maize crop was observed. Crops were planted in pots with diameter of 20 cm. In pure culture four individuals of soybean were planted dan in mixed culture soybean and maize were planted with the proportion of 2 : 2. The growth and development of the soybean in pure cultures were compared with that in mixed cultures. The result showed that during the development of R2-R4-R6 periods, the dry weight of soybean crop, shoot and nodules in both pure and mixed cultures have different pattern of increase, while the root dry weight and reproductive organs showed the same pattern of increase. At R2, R4 and R6 stages, the soybean crop dry weight, root dry weight and shoot dry weight in mixed culture was decreased (p<0,01) compare to that in pure culture, while root : shoot ratio values was increased (p<0,01). The highest reduction in both crop dry weight and shoot dry weight was occurred at R4 stage, meanwhile root : shoot ratio values showed the highest increase, while highest reduction of root dry weight was occurred at R6 stage. The nodules dry weight was decreased (p<0,01) at R2 stage, while at R4 and R6 stages was increased (p<0,01), the highest increase occured at R6 stage. Dry weight of reproductive organs, at R4 and R6 stages were decreased (p<0,01), the highest decrease occurred at R6 stage. Pod number, seed number and seed weight at R$ stage were decreased (p<0,01). Growth parameters such as seed weight, seed number and pod number were affected the badly in competition with maize crop. All the stages, the soybean crop more able compete with maize crop for N uptake. At R2 and R6 stages, the soybean crop badly to compete with maize crop for P uptake, while to K was occurred at R4 and R6 stages. It is concluded that at R4 stage (full pod) of soybean is the most sensitive stage in respons to competition, the content of P and K in plant tissues was little and the reduction of plant dry weight at mixed culture (compared to in pure culture) was high.