BIOMARKER IDENTIFICATION AND THERAPY TARGETS IN MACROPHAGES OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS CONDITIONS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

• Main Author: Kalih Prasesti, Gayuk
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/50808
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Atherosclerosis is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease which is the number one cause of death globally. Macrophages are known to play an important role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipids and fibrous plaques in the intima lining of the arterial walls. The early stages of atherosclerosis can occur in adolescence and develop slowly. Clinical manifestations occur in the elderly and generally have a poor prognosis. Therefore, early detection of atherosclerosis is necessary as an effort to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease early. Macrophages are central to local inflammatory processes and apoptosis that lead to instability and plaque rupture, however the molecular signaling pathways in macrophages responsible for plaque rupture have not been fully identified. This study aims to identify biomarkers and therapeutic targets in macrophages in atherosclerotic conditions by conducting a systematic review. The search engine used in this study is PubMed, with keywords (macrophage and atherosclerosis) and the search date on September 20, 2019. The keyword was changed to ((macrophage) AND atherosclerosis) AND (signaling pathway OR signaling pathway) to narrow the scope. The article screening process continues on the Zotero reference application with the keyword "signaling pathway" in the all fields and tags menu. There were 689 articles identified based on the type of preclinical or clinical testing through abstract screening of each study and 11 clinical articles that met the criteria were obtained. The identification resulted in 30 biomarkers associated with macrophages in atherosclerotic conditions. The proposed biomarkers of atherosclerosis are IL-1?and IL-18. The proposed potential therapy targets for atherosclerosis are LOX-1 and schematic images of biomarkers on atherosclerotic plaques.