IDENTIFICATION OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS (ADR) AND TREATMENT IN CONFIRMED FOR COVID-19 INPATIENTS AT DR. WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO MAKASSAR HOSPITAL

• Main Author: Purwaningsih, Dewi
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/56403
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is infection disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel Coronavirus that has not been previously identified in humans. COVID-19 cases continue to increase every day around the world until WHO has declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic. Until mid-May 2021, the Case Fatality Rate (CFR) COVID-19 cases in Indonesia reaches 2,76%. Several types of antivirals and antibiotics have become options in the treatment of COVID-19, but apart from considering the efficacy, the safety factor of their use must also be considered. This study aims to determine the profile of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in patients with COVID-19 that admitted to the Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital in Makassar on November - December 2020, and determine the level of probability and severity of the ADR. Retrospective, cross-sectional study has been conducted to 176 patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria and classified into 2 groups, a group without ADR and a group with ADR, then identified the probability and severity level of ADR with the Naranjo Algorithm and Hartwig-Siegel scale. Results showed that the prevalence of ADRs was 31% in the patients, which was predominated by drug-induced gastrointestinal disorders and liver system disorders (21.59% and 22.73%). ADR that occurs has a probability of 75% is “probable” and 25% is “possible”, while the severity of ADR that occurs is 78% at level 3 (moderate) and 22% at level 2 (mild). There were 96,7% of ADRs that occured within 14 days of hospitalization. The results of statistical analysis showed an association between age, length of stay and the number of drugs used during hospitalization with the incidence of ADR (p-value <0.05) statistically significant. Most of the incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions that occurred was due to the use of oseltamivir (48.9%) and azithromycin (45.7%) with the precentage of cure from ADR, respectively, 42.4% and 37%.