RECOVERY OF LITHIUM CARBONATE FROM SPENT LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES USING HYDROMETALLURGY METHOD WITH CRYOGENIC TREATMENT
Lithium carbonate is one of the important raw materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIB). The development of the portable electronic device and the shift from fossil fuel engines to electric vehicles in the automotive sector have had a huge impact on the global LIB needs. The increase in LIB produ...
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/62526 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Lithium carbonate is one of the important raw materials for lithium-ion batteries
(LIB). The development of the portable electronic device and the shift from fossil
fuel engines to electric vehicles in the automotive sector have had a huge impact on
the global LIB needs. The increase in LIB production will encourage high demand
for lithium as the main raw material and a large amount of battery waste. Recovery
of lithium carbonate from used batteries can be a promising alternative solution to
overcome the problem of raw material needs and LIB waste. The LIB recovery
process is carried out through the following stages: disassembly, discharge,
dismantling, pretreatment, leaching, and precipitation. The process of
disassembling and dismantling was done manually with hand and power tools. The
discharging process uses the immersion method with 5 % NaCl solution for 2 hours.
The pretreatment was carried out by cooling the cathode sheet at a cryogenic
temperature for 30 minutes. In the leaching process, the optimum conditions were
obtained using 2 M HCl at 60-70 °C, with 150-250 rpm of stirring for 2 hours. The
increase in efficiency with pretreatment at optimum leaching conditions is about 13
%. Separation of Li+ ion from other metals (Al, Mn, Ni, and Co) was carried out by
precipitation at pH 6.5 and 11-12. The Li2CO3 precipitate was obtained by adding
a saturated Na2CO3 solution to the raffinate solution at 50-60°C. The XRD result
of the recovery Li2CO3 powder gave a diffraction pattern that was identical to the
diffraction pattern of the commercial Li2CO3 product. The purity of the recovery
Li2CO3 powder reached 97.10 %, calculated based on testing with ICP-OES
compared to the commercial products. The recovery process carried out in this
study uses abundant chemicals and is simple, so that it is expected to be a simple
low-cost alternative method of LIB recycling. |
|---|