A REVIEW: NANOPARTICLE PREPARATION FOR ANTIMICROBIAL DELIVERY IN INTRACELLULAR STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INFECTION

• Main Author: FAHMI, MIDA
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/63035
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a commensal bacteria on the nose and skin of humans, but often causes repeated infections. S. aureus is classified as an intracellular bacterium and is capable of manipulating the immune system which makes treatment very difficult. The immune system plays a major role in dealing with S. aureus infection, namely neutrophils and macrophages. Macrophages have a major role in the dynamics of S. aureus infection. However, because of the ability of S. aureus to manipulate the immune system, S. aureus is able to survive in macrophages and cause repeated infections and invasion of other organs. To overcome this, nanoparticle delivery systems targeting the immune system, especially macrophages, must be developed. Nanoparticles are an ideal choice of drug delivery system because they have the ability to increase intracellular retention and increase intracellular antibacterial activity. One example is biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles capable of increasing intracellular accumulation and increasing the activity of the drug they contain. Where the properties of the resulting nanoparticles can affect their interaction with the cell surface and the characteristics of the early endosome compartment, thereby controlling intracellular absorption and distribution. One example is the hydrophobicity of the resulting particles. Where hydrophobic particles were found in a relatively neutral intracellular environment (6.0 – 6.8), while hydrophilic particles were found in a more acidic environment, namely the phagolysosomal environment (4.6 – 5.1). In this way, it is possible to determine the intracellular environment to be achieved with a delivery system designed so as to properly release the loaded drug and achieve successful intracellular treatment.