PENGEMBANGAN FORMULA SCAFFOLD BIONANOKOMPOSIT KITOSAN UNTUK IMPLAN TULANG

• Main Author: Ramadhan, Pradipta
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/64302
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Tissue engineering is an alternatives method in treating bone injure by induction of tissue to naturally regenerate. Regeneration of bone and cartilage injure can be accelerated by localized delivery of a dosage form with growth factors incorporated within biodegradable carrier. Carrier is an extracellular matrix that serves as a temporary replacement for damaged tissue called scaffold. Scaffold materials used are chitosan because of its biocompatibility, osteoconductivity and biodegradable. However, chitosan has low mechanical strength, therefore it takes the addition of hydroxyapatite ceramics is needed to increase the mechanical strength. This research was make matrix formulation with model protein and its characterization and evaluation. Scaffold is carrying a growth factor protein, then the process of solid dispersions and lyophilized of protein to maintain its stability are needed. Solid dispersion of protein were prepared by addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 20.000 to improve protein solubility in oil phase. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) was used for oil phase with addition of Tween 80 as surfactant and PEG 400 as co-surfactant. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was choosen as protein model instead of growth factor. Then oil phase was mixed with chitosan solution as water phase to form oil in water emulsion system. In addition, solid dispersion of nanohydroxyapatite that stabilized by sodium carboxymetyl celulose (CMC-Na) were added into the system. The mixture was then extruded into sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) 5% w/v solution for crosslinking. Microspheres were observed including to morphology, size distribution, and protein entrapment efficiency. After that it's packed to obtain a 3 dimensional matrix to characterized including to density, porosity, protein release study, and mechanical strength. Entrapment efficiency of proteins by solid dispersion using PEG 20,000 with the ratio 1:1 was 98.99%. Size of the mierospheres were in the range 800-1.000 um. And the total concentration of the release of the scaffold was 75,4 ug/mL or 22.8 % for 4 weeks test. Mechanical strength from matrix was 0.32 MPa. The best scaffold formulation was solid dispersion of protein with PEG 20.000 with the ratio 1:1 because its entrapment efficiency was 98.99 ± 0.087% and release study for four weeks test was 22.8 %.