STUDI MEKANISME INTRASELULER DAN KEMAMPUAN ENDOSOMAL ESCAPE DARI NANOPARTIKEL KITOSAN SERTA KAJIAN PUSTAKA AGEN ENDOSOMAL ESCAPE

• Main Author: Vania Zerlina, Catherine
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/69114
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri) extract was a loaded-cargo in chitosan nanoparticles which was used as co-adjuvant to enhance immune response to HbsAg antigen that was given orally. However, these nanoparticles system showed reproductive toxicity characteristics toward Sertoli cells and spermatogenesis in mouse. Internalization mechanisms and localization of nanoparticles inside the cells are key factors in determining toxicity characteristics of nanoparticles. Therefore, study on intracellular mechanisms and endosomal escape capability of chitosan nanoparticles were done to complete the information on reproductive toxicity caused by the system. The research results showed that chitosan nanoparticles were internalized into the mouse Sertoli cells via macropinocytosis and clathrin-dependent endocytosis. The nanoparticles succeeded to undergo endosomal escape after one hour and the escape increased significantly after five hours when cells were incubated with serum. On the other hand, intracellular delivery of therapeutic agents is often not optimal due to endo-lysosomal entrapment and degradation of the agents before arriving at the target. This problem can be overcome if the therapeutic agents have the endosomal escape ability. Therefore, literature review on endosomal escape mechanisms and agents was done. Endosomal escape can occur through six different mechanisms. Endosomal escape mechanisms on enveloped and non-enveloped virus become the inspirations in developing various endosomal escape agents. Endosomal escape agents can be classified into peptide-based and non-peptidebased. General characteristics and modification of endosomal escape peptides which was concluded can become a guidance in developing endosomal escape peptides in the future.