PRODUKSI BIOKOMPOSIT DARI LIMBAH KULIT SINGKONG (MANIHOT ESCULENTA) MELALUI PROSES FERMENTASI SUBSTRAT PADAT MENGGUNAKAN JAMUR GANODERMA LUCIDUM DENGAN VARIASI PENAMBAHAN SERBUK KAYU SEBAGAI BAGIAN SUBSTRAT DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI

• Main Author: Christabel, Catherine
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/70275
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Cassava peel, periderm and cortex of cassava tuber (Manihot esculenta) is the outer part of cassava tubers. This cassava peel is usually wasted such as in tapioca flour industry. Cassava peel is 13% wt of the weight cassava tubers which still contain lignocellulose, protein, etc. Cassava peel can be used as raw material for production of different bioproduct, one of which is mycelium-based composite. Mycelium will grow on biocomposite substrate and binds all the materials into one. This mycelium can be produced by several type of fungi, one of which is Ganoderma lucidum. In this study, production of biocomposite was carried out with two steps of fermentation in a fixed substrate’s wet content and dry content of 65% and 35%, respectively. Within the dry content of 35 %, the total weight of cassava peel (KS) and sawdust (SK) is fixed at 80 % but the weight ratio of cassava peel (KS) to sawdust (SK) is varying, while the percentage of tapioca flour and pollard is fixed 5% and 15%, respectively, for all experiments. First fermentation (fermentation I) is conducted to grow mycelium in the media, while second fermentation is conducted to grow mycelium evenly to produce biocomposite of desired shape. The goal of this study is to determine yield, water content, ash content, density, and water absorbtion of biocomposite at various weight ratio cassava peel (KS) to sawdust (SK) of 30:50; 40:40; and 50:30 and fermentation II time of 8, 12, and 16 days. Yield of biocomposite obtained was varying in the range of 78,5 – 86,66%. Water content of biocomposite decreased with increasing KS/SK ratio and with increasing fermentation II time. Ash content decreased with increasing KS/SK ratio and increased with increasing fermentation II time. Density of the biocomposite decreased with increasing KS/SK ratio and increasing fermentation II time. Density of KS/SK ratio of 50:30 tend to be stable at 0,15 – 0,16 g/mL. Water absorbtion was varying in the range of 260,18 – 325,29%.