THE EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT AND JUICE OF EMBLIC MYROBALAN \TEXTIT{(PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA} L.) FRUIT OF RAT STROKE MODEL

• Main Author: Setyopuspito P, Anastasia
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/71673
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

In Indonesia, stroke is a major disease causing death. Among Indonesia's natural resources, emblic myrobalan fruit (Phyllanthus emblica L.) showed have potential as an alternative medicine for stroke. The aim of this research is to study the effect of ethanol extract and juice of emblic myrobalan fruit on stroke rat stroke model. Plant extract was characterized according to 'Paramater standar umum ekstrak tumbuhan obat'. To induced rat with ischemic stroke model, the left common carotid artery of the rat was tight using silk USP 40 thread. Motor function was determined through forelimb placing test (FPT), forelimb use asymmetry test (FUAT), corner turn test (CTT), and rotarod test. Effect of the extract on platelet aggregation, and brain injury were also studied. Motor function test was perfomed at dayl st , 3 rd , 7 th, 14th after stroke induction and during extract administration and at day 21 st one week post treatment. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was used as an inducer of platelet aggregation. The presence of injury in brain was determined using image-J at end point (day 21 tretament). Two doses of ethanol extract and juice of emblic myrobalan L. fruit tested, Lg., 50 and 100 mg/kg rat body weight. Result showed that emblic myrobaln fruit ethanol extract and juice used in this experiment contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and terpenoid. Quality standard of both extracts showed ash total content (juice 21.0%; ethanol 22.7%), acid soluble ash content (juice 2.5%; extract 2.9%), acid insoluble ash content (juice 1.5%; extract 1.5%), water soluble material (juice 10.9%; extract 12.2%), ethanol soluble material (juice 13.5%; extract 14.8%), and specific gravity of 1% solution (juice 0.985; extract 0.803). Study on rat stroke model showed that emblic myrobalan fruit juice at a dose of 100 mg/kg can improve motor function of rat stroke model significantly (p<0.05) indicated through the improvement of rotarod ability (day 14:18.1±8.6m vs control 7.0±7.1 m), FPT (day 1: 70422.0% vs control day 3: vs control and day 21: 10040.0% vs kontrol and CTT (day 21: 25±24.00/0 vs control 0.0±0.0 %). Similar result happen after treatment with ethanol extract. At dose of 100 mg/kg body weight the extract can improved motoric function significantly (p<0.05) indicated through FPT (day 1: vs control day 21: vs control and CTT (day 10: vs control 3±5.8%). in platelet aggregation test, emblic myrobalan fruit extract and juice at 100 mg/kv have low effect with a percentage if inhibition 18% (p<0.1) after 14 days administration. •Up on brain examination, there were no injury observed at those rat brain given the two doses of emblic myrobalan extract and juice, while in control brain rat there was an injury with area of 7.59±1.7%. Based on those results, it can be concluded that emblic myrobalan ethanol extract and juice at dose of 100 mg/kg can improve motor function of rat stroke model. So, that the emblic myrobalan ethanol extract and juice can be used as alternative medicine for the treatment of ischemic stroke model.