PENGARUH PEMBERIAN ELISITOR METIL JASMONAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SERTA PRODUKSI GLIKOSIDA STEVIOL DARI KULTUR PUCUK STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI PADA BIOREAKTOR EBB-AND-FLOW

• Main Author: Felicia
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/76144
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a disease caused by disreputable diet, especially due to excess sugar consumption. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a plant that contains steviol glycosides (GS) as a zero-calorie natural sweetener which has a sweetness level of 250-300 times sweeter than cane sugar. This plant can be a solution to reduce diabetes in Indonesia. However, due to poor seed viability and germination, stevia plants are difficult to cultivate conventionally. In addition, stevioside as the most abundant compound in GS has a bitter aftertaste, in contrast to rebaudiosida-A which does not leave a bitter aftertaste and has a higher level of sweetness. Therefore, in vitro cultivation for stevia plant propagation and elicitation was carried out using methyl jamonate (MeJA) in an Ebb-and-Flow bioreactor to increase rebaudioside-A levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of elicitor MeJA of 100 ?M for 24 hours on the weight, number of shoots, and Relative Growth Rate (RGR) of stevia plants, as well as the content of stevioside and rebaudioside-A in GS. The results showed that the stevia culture in the bioreactor treated with elicitor MeJA 100 ?M had a mass increase of 120.60%, number of shoots of 102.45%, and RGR of 0.06. However, this value is lower when compared to the growth results in the control bioreactor. In this study, it was also observed that cultures experienced browning or necrosis due to absorption of high concentrations hormone. Analysis of the content of GS, namely the content of stevioside and rebaudioside-A in the 100 ?M MeJA treatment were 40.44 and 0.0045 mg/g DW, these values were lower than the results in the bioreactor with 0 ?M control treatment. This shows that the Ebb-and-Flow bioreactor has not reached optimal conditions as a system for the growth of shoots and steviol glycoside metabolites of the stevia plant.