ANALISIS EKSPRESI ENZIM TERKAIT DEGRADASI PATI PADA DATA METATRANSKRIPTOMIK MIKROORGANISME DI BUAH PISANG CAVENDISH (MUSA ACUMINATA, AAA)

• Main Author: Nadzif Takalamingan, Huzaifah
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Ilmu hayati ; Biologi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/79593
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The degradation of starch is a metabolic process during fruit ripening that significantly affects the quality of banana (Musa acuminata) due to its impact on the texture and taste of the fruit. Research on starch degradation in bananas has been conducted extensively, yet no studies have approached it using a metatranscriptomic approach. Through this method, we can identify active microorganisms and enzyme expression related to starch degradation in the banana fruit microbiome. This aids in understanding the fruit ripening process, especially starch degradation. The objective of this study is to identify microorganisms involved in starch degradation and observe enzyme expression related to starch degradation in the banana fruit microbiome, utilizing a metatranscriptomic approach. The data was collected from two different treatment groups: chitosan-coated and uncoated banana samples, observed at two time points— day 1 and day 7 after treatment, resulting in four types of samples. SAMSA2 workflow was employed to process the metatranscriptomic data, comprising three main stages: preprocessing, annotation, and differential analysis. Preprocessing involved data filtering, eliminating low-quality reads, adapters, and rRNA sequences, resulting in mRNA sequences. Subsequently, in the annotation stage, mRNA sequences were annotated against the RefSeq NCBI and SEEDS Subsystem databases. The annotated results were analyzed using DESeq2 tools. The analysis revealed that the dominant microorganisms were from the phyla Proteobacteria (52-56%), Actinobacteria (19- 20%), and Firmicutes (12-14%). These phyla were also dominant in other climacteric plants such as apples and watermelons. Expression analysis and microorganisms producing starch degradation-related enzymes showed upregulated ?-amylase enzyme expression, primarily by the active microorganism Rheinheimera nanhaiensis. Conversely, ?-glucosidase and 4-?-glucanotransferase enzyme expressions were downregulated, with varying active microorganisms expressing these enzymes between day one and day seven of the ripening phase. Overall, the research concluded that there were no significant differences in the abundance of active microorganisms between day one and day seven after treatment or between control and treatment groups. However, changes occurred in the expression of enzymes related to starch degradation in the banana fruit microbiome throughout the ripening process.