EXTRACTION OPTIMIZATION OF SOURSOP (ANNONA MURICATA L.) LEAVES ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

• Main Author: Meisya Rompis, Fahrani
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/82508
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Free radicals can be inhibited by antioxidant compounds. The one source of natural antioxidants is soursop (Annona muricata L.). The extraction process contributes to the content of antioxidant compounds in the extract. This research aims to evaluate the extraction optimum of soursop leaves by maceration and pressing which has optimum levels of DPPH, CUPRAC, and FRAP as well as total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC); correlation of TPC, TFC with antioxidant activities, correlation antioxidant activity between the three methods; and identification and determination of the levels of flavonoid compounds in the optimized extracts. Extraction was performed by maceration and pressing. Response surface methodology with Box-Behnken model is applied with three extraction variables, including extraction time (10-40 min), crude drug -solvent ratio (1 : 3 – 1 : 10), and solvent concentration (70% ethanol-96% ethanol). Determination of antioxidant activity using the DPPH, CUPRAC, and FRAP methods as well as TPC and TFC was carried out using UV-visible light spectrophotometry. Correlation analysis used the Pearson method. Identification and determination levels of flavonoid compounds in optimized extract using HPLC. Optimization results showed that optimum extraction of soursop leaves by maceration and pressing was obtained at extraction time of 10 min, a crude drug-solvent ratio of 1 : 6.5, and a solvent concentration of 96% produced total phenol, total flavonoid, DPPH, CUPRAC, and FRAP values 119.388 ± 14.057 mg GAE/g, 91.212 ± 4.796 mg QE/g, 189.095 ± 15.931 mg AEAC/g, 162.121 ± 11.076 mg AEAC/g, and 204.679 ± 5.164 mg AEAC/g respectively. In general, the phenols and flavonoids in the ethanol extract of soursop leaves contributed the antioxidant activity of DPPH, CUPRAC, and FRAP. The three methods, including DPPH, CUPRAC, and FRAP, gave linear results in the antioxidant activity test of soursop leaves ethanol extract. The ethanol extract of soursop leaves contained rutin compound at a level of 11.52 ± 1,06 mg/g.