METABOLITE CHARACTERIZATION AND GENOM-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY ON CURCUMINOID CONTENT IN INDONESIAN TURMERIC (CURCUMA LONGA L.)

• Main Author: Sudirman, Paramita
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/84551
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a plant with numerous benefits, particularly due to its curcuminoid content, which is widely used in the medical, pharmaceutical, industrial, and culinary. However, the limited genetic information on Indonesian turmeric poses a challenge to the development of superior turmeric varieties. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity of 40 turmeric genotypes using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and identify the relationship between SNPs and curcuminoid content. The research was conducted using SNP Genotyping and Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) sequencing on 40 turmeric accessions, resulting in 10,092 effective SNP markers. The metabolite compound content, including curcumin (CUR), demethoxycurcumin (DMC), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), was measured using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), with results showing total curcuminoid variation between 2.1% and 4.94% (w/w). The average of total curcuminoid compounds was 77.64% CUR, 11.21% DMC, and 11.14% BDMC. Through a Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) approach using the R package Genomic Association and Prediction Integrated Tool (GAPIT) and the Fixed and Random Model Circulating Probability Unification (FarmCPU) model, this study successfully identified two significant SNPs on chromosomes 1 and 9 associated with curcumin content, and one SNP on chromosome 21 related to bisdemethoxycurcumin content. The SNP on chromosome 1 was annotated as Glycosyltransferase BC10-like, and the SNP on chromosome 21 was annotated as Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 5. Meanwhile, the SNP on chromosome 9 has not been annotated to any gene in the NCBI database. This study provides important information on the relationship between genetic variation and curcuminoid biosynthesis, which can be utilized for breeding programs to develop superior Indonesian