DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT ESCHERICHIA COLI ENUMERATION METHOD BY DETECTING INTRINSIC ?-DGLUCURONIDASE ACTIVITY IN HOSPITAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY WASTEWATER

• Main Author: Rahmah, Annida
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/86208
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Antibiotic resistance has become a significant global health issue, with AntibioticResistant E. coli (AREc) being the most commonly found pathogen. This study analyzes the resistance of E. coli to antibiotics in wastewater from sources of antibiotic residues, namely hospitals and pharmaceutical industries in the Upper Citarum Watershed. Wastewater samples were taken from the outlets of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) at eleven hospitals and two pharmaceutical industries, then tested using conventional membrane filter methods and microplate reader methods with ?-D-Glucuronidase (GUS) activity detection. Each source had different WWTP efficiencies in removing total coliforms, E. coli, and AREc from the effluent. The results showed significant variations in the total number of E. coli and AREc at each sampling point, with some samples exhibiting high resistance to several antibiotics (multidrug-resistant), particularly amoxicillin, amoxiclav, and thiamphenicol. Physicochemical parameters such as ammonia, COD, and BOD were correlated with the amount of AREc detected in the samples. The trend of AREc resistance was also related to the region's health quality but did not correlate with the hospital's bed service capacity. The microplate reader method – GUS activity showed correlation with the conventional membrane filter method at some WWTP points, demonstrating the potential of this method in detecting AREc, though further adjustments are needed. This study highlights the need for further research into the factors and causes of antibiotic resistance, the improvement of wastewater management and treatment in hospitals and pharmaceutical industries to reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance, and the encouragement of further development and broader implementation of ?-D-Glucuronidase activity detection methods for monitoring AREc in wastewater