DEVELOPMENT OF CONTAINER TERMINAL OPERATIONAL COORDINATION MODEL WITH MULTI-AGENT MULTI-CRITERIA APPROACH

• Main Author: Nosadila Riaventin, Veterina
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/87072
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Congestion at container terminals is often measured through the average turnaround time of external trucks. Reducing this average turnaround time can be achieved by improving the efficiency of yard crane operations and controlling truck arrival times through a truck reservation system. Given the close interconnection between the truck reservation system and yard crane scheduling, this study develops coordination between these approaches to improve operational efficiency at container terminals. Specifically, this research explores the coordination of the truck reservation system and multi-block, multi-crane yard scheduling strategies. In performing container pick-up activities, RTGs (Rubber-Tired Gantry cranes) may travel long distances, while yard crane operators strive to minimize movement time, which causes conflicts. This research contributes significantly by offering a more comprehensive perspective and introducing an integrative approach between container terminals and trucking companies. This study overcomes shortcomings in previous research by developing a more integrated and adaptive model, enabling truck turnaround time improvements, enhanced yard crane utilization, and reduced carbon emissions. This approach enriches the literature on container terminal operations by presenting a more relevant model to address real-world challenges in the logistics industry. In this study, a method was developed that balances the individual goals of agents i.e. trucking company (trucks), container terminal (yard cranes), and regulator (government) while considering collective objectives to minimize overall truck turnaround time. An agent-based simulation model evaluated various yard crane scheduling strategies and truck reservation system approaches, including centralized and decentralized methods. This research also integrates multi-block and multi-crane coordination models to reflect more realistic terminal operations. Various configurations of the truck reservation system and crane scheduling strategies were simulated to analyze their impact on key performance indicators, such as average turnaround time, yard crane utilization, and CO2 emissions. The nearest-truck-first-served (NTFS) scheduling strategy demonstrated lower external truck turnaround times compared to the first-come-first-served (FCFS) and nearest-truck longest-waiting-time first-served (NLFS) strategies. Additionally, the use of multi-block and multi-crane coordination allows for greater operational flexibility. The best solution identified through the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach is combining the decentralized truck appointment system (DTAS) with the NTFS crane scheduling strategy. The decentralized truck appointment system (DTAS) generally results in higher efficiency in reducing CO2 emissions compared to the centralized truck appointment system (CTAS), particularly at moderate to high truck arrival levels. For optimal performance indicators—such as lower truck turnaround time and CO2 emissions—the implementation of DTAS combined with NTFS scheduling can improve the existing system's performance (CTAS-FCFS). The simulation results show a reduction in turnaround time by 10.01%, an increase in yard crane utilization efficiency by 59.19%, and a decrease in CO2 emissions by 45.33% with the DTAS-NTFS combination compared to the CTAS-FCFS combination. This research highlights the potential benefits of coordinating the truck reservation system and multi-block, multi-crane yard scheduling strategies to enhance container terminal operations.