Citrus limon Peel Essential Oil–Induced Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction

• Main Authors: Fatma Yasmin Mahdani, -, Adiastuti Endah Parmadiati, -, Diah Savitri Ernawati, -, Hasrul Husain, -, Sekar Alifa Putri Ekaperdana, -, Ulyasari Rachmaningayu, -, Priyo Hadi, -, Hening Tuti Hendarti, -, Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo, -
• Format: Article PeerReviewed
• Language: English; English; English
• Published: Dove press 2020
• Subjects: RK Dentistry; RK1-715 Dentistry
• Online Access: https://repository.unair.ac.id/116826/1/10.Citrus%20limon%20peel%20essential%20oil%20induced%20type%20IV%20hypersensitivity%20reaction_compressed.pdf; https://repository.unair.ac.id/116826/2/10.Citrus%20limon%20Peel%20Essential%20Oil%E2%80%93Induced%20Type%20IV%20Hypersensitivity%20Reaction%282%29_compressed.pdf; https://repository.unair.ac.id/116826/5/10.%20Citrus%20Limon%20L%20Peel%20essential_compressed.pdf; https://repository.unair.ac.id/116826/; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7394596/
• Institution: Universitas Airlangga

Background: Several studies have shown anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antifungal, and antioxidant effects from Citrus limon–peel essential oil (Cl-PEO). Cl-PEO can be developed as topical drugs for oral ulceration because of its potential active components. There have been no studies on the topical application of Cl-PEO inducing type IV hypersensitivity reaction. Purpose: To investigate the potential of Cl-PEO from Batu City to induce type IV hypersensitivity reactions based on clinical changes, lymphocytes, macrophages, IFNγ, andIL10 expression. Methods: This study was adapted from a guinea pig maximization-test method in Indonesia and the guidance of ISO 10,993-10:2010, and conducted on 20 guinea pigs (Cavia cobaya) divided into a control group and a treatment group. The treatment group was given Cl-PEO and the control group CMC-Na. Clinical changes were observed, then tissue specimens taken for hematoxylin–eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. Results: There were no clinical changes after exposure. Lymphocyte and macrophage numbers and IFNγ and IL10 expression increased in the treatment group compared to the control group (p=0). Conclusion: Cl-PEO can induce type IV hypersensitivity reactions in guinea pigs based on cellular and molecular cytokines, but there are no clinical changes after topical application.