THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DE-RADICALIZATION TO COUNTER TERRORISM IN SAUDI ARABIA AND INDONESIA
The purpose of this research is to discuss the implementation of deradicalization in Saudi Arabia and Indonesia to counter terrorism. Saudi Arabia and Indonesia have the problem of terrorism due to the hatred of western countries and it leads to the hatred of government considered as western accompl...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Theses and Dissertations NonPeerReviewed |
| Published: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
2013
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://repository.ugm.ac.id/123177/ http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=63288 |
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| Institution: | Universitas Gadjah Mada |
| Summary: | The purpose of this research is to discuss the implementation of deradicalization
in Saudi Arabia and Indonesia to counter terrorism. Saudi Arabia
and Indonesia have the problem of terrorism due to the hatred of western
countries and it leads to the hatred of government considered as western
accomplice. This condition is worsened by misinterpretation of religion in which
there is a justification for the using of violence against those who are considered
different from their understanding. At first, both countries rely on hard approach
to counter terrorism. However, this strategy is not enough, soft approach is also
needed. De-radicalization is chosen because terrorists are made not born as they
are. It indicates that their violent ideology is also made. Therefore, there is still a
change to make them going back and accepted back to the society.
This research has three research questions to answer. First is why deradicalization,
and not disengagement, is chosen to counter terrorism. Second is
on how Saudi Arabia and Indonesia implement de-radicalization. Third is why the
implementation of de-radicalization in Saudi Arabia and Indonesia is different. In
order to answer those three research questions, the methods used are a depth
interview toward one of BNPT staff and data collecting from many literatures
both printed and on line, and then conducting data analysis.
After conducting those steps, the findings of this research are gained. First,
Saudi Arabia and Indonesia choose de-radicalization instead of disengagement
because de-radicalization is pertaining to the root cause of terror- ideology. Deradicalization
is pointing at substantive changes in terrorists� ideology and
attitudes while disengagement is only pointing at behavioral changes, as long as
terrorists leave a group or changing one�s role within it. De-radicalization intends
to make physical and psychological changing, while disengagement only physical
changing. Second, de-radicalization implementation- which is under the Ministry
of Interior in Saudi Arabia and under the National Antiterrorism Agency (BNPT)
in Indonesia- has some similarities and differences. Both conduct three things in
order to prevent, rehabilitate, and facilitate the transition back to the society. The
differences lie in the routine done. BNPT cannot implement de-radicalization in
the prisons routinely because of its lack of resources both human and material.
Beside those internal factors, there are also external factors like the area of both
countries which are much different and people perception towards deradicalization
program. In other words, techniques and tactics used in Saudi
Arabia could not always be used in Indonesia because both are different. |
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