TINGKAT KEBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN BALI DALAM JABATAN ESELON DI PROVINSI BALI: DITINJAU DARI DIMENSI INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL

• Main Author: MARHAENI, A A I N
• Format: Theses and Dissertations NonPeerReviewed
• Published: [Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada 2011
• Subjects: Gender Sexuality and Education
• Online Access: https://repository.ugm.ac.id/91061/; http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=53689
• Institution: Universitas Gadjah Mada

The percentage of women who were successful in holding their echelon positions in Bali Province in 2008 amounted 22.3 percent and the rest were held by men. This condition reflected that there was still a gender inequality in echelon positions in the region. This research aimed to examine internal factor influences such as achievement motivation, human capital, and socio psychological obstacles as well as external factors such as culture, demography, career development opportunity, and structural obstacles to Balinese women in the echelon positions. Theoretical advantage obtained from this research was to strengthen theory a well as similar research available previously and its practical advantage was that it expected to find some factors that estimated to develop Balinese women empowerment in echelon positions. The research was performed in the entire regency/ town regional governments that were in Bali Province included provincial regional governments. Respondents were Balinese women who held echelon positions amounted 310 people that spread in the entire regency/ town regional governments and provinces. Other information that also interviewed in depth: husbands, bosses, subordinates, and religious figures. Sample determination method for women executives with Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling, while for informant was by purposive sampling. Data collection performed through observation, interview, and in depth interview. Analysis technique used Structural Equation Model (SEM), and also descriptive statistical such as average, median, and modus. This research found that there were 6 factors that significantly affected towards Balinese women empowerment rate in echelon positions were achievement motivation factor, human capital, socio psychological hindrances as internal factors, and demographic, cultural, and also structural obstacles was negatively affected, while achievement motivation, human capital, and demographic factors were positively affected. This research also found that factors that negatively affected had higher strength than factors that positively affected. Socio psychological obstacles as internal factors were found strongly affected that were followed by external factors were culture, and structural obstacles. This meant to quicken gender equality in the echelon positions so that factors that negatively affected must be intervened first. Women Empowerment Ministry could work together with BKKBN in its efforts to develop family quality so that was expected to decrease women socio psychological obstacles. Affirmative Action (positive discrimination) meanwhile to quicken Balinese women empowerment development in the 2nd echelon positions could be performed. Banjar adat as well as pekraman village could play their roles in developing women role, especially in meeting (peparuman) at is performed routine by custom institutions.