Esterification of levulinic acid to ethyl levulinate using liquefied oil palm frond-based carbon cryogel catalyst
Oil palm biomass, which is abundantly available in Malaysia, has many types of applications in various industries. In this study, oil palm frond (OPF) was liquefied with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM][HSO4]) ionic liquid (IL) at optimum conditions. The liquefied OPF-ionic liquid...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
Springer New York LLC
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/89121/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-019-09977-6 |
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| Institution: | Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |