Protein deimination in human health and disease. (2nd edition.)

• Other Authors: Nicholas, Anthony P. ; Bhattacharya, Sanjoy K. ; Thompson, Paul R.
• Format: Book
• Language: English
• Published: Springer 2020
• Subjects: Protein. ; Hóa sinh. ; Miễn dịch học. ; Proteins. ; Biochemistry. ; Immunology.; 572.6 PRO 2017
• Online Access: http://repository.vnu.edu.vn/handle/VNU_123/90766
• Institution: Vietnam National University, Hanoi

Chronicling the earliest studies of deimination in the nervous system up to the present, this volume distills what is currently known about citrullination of proteins in the eye and nervous system.Dedication; Contents; Chapter 1: A History of Deimination Research in Japan: The Founding Fathers; References; Chapter 2: Aspects of Peptidylarginine Deiminase Regulation that May Predispose to Autoreactivity Against Citrullinated Proteins; 2.1 Summary; 2.2 Tolerance and Autoimmunity; 2.3 Discovery of Arginine Deimination; 2.4 Role of PAD4 in Innate Immune Responses; 2.5 PAD4 and NETs; 2.6 NETs in Autoimmunity; 2.7 Model of PAD4 Activation in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Disease; References; Chapter 3: Structures and Functions of Peptidylarginine Deiminases; 3.1 Introduction ; 3.2 PAD Isozymes: Similarities and Differences3.2.1 Overall Folds; 3.2.2 Structures and the Functions of the Catalytic Domains; 3.2.3 Ca2+-Binding Sites and Functions; 3.2.4 Structures and the Functions of N-Terminal Ig-Like Domain; 3.3 Application of PAD Structures for Drug Design; 3.4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: The Use of Genetically Engineered Mice to Study PAD Biology and Pathology; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 PAD2; 4.3 PAD3; 4.4 PAD4; 4.5 PAD6; 4.6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 5: PAD Activation in Arthritis; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Methods to Determine PAD Activity ; 5.3 PAD Substrate Specificity5.4 PAD Isoforms Involved in Arthritis; 5.4.1 PAD2 and PAD4 Expression in Hematopoietic Cells; 5.4.2 PAD2 and PAD4 Expression in Joints; 5.5 PAD Activation; 5.5.1 Calcium; 5.5.2 Reducing Conditions; 5.6 PAD and NETosis; 5.7 PAD Activation and Citrullination in Relation to Inflammation in RA; 5.8 Citrullinated Proteins in Synovial Fluid; 5.9 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 6: Rheumatoid Arthritis: Transition from Systemic Autoimmunity to Joint Inflammation and Bone Loss; 6.1 Introduction ; 6.2 The Immune System Might Be Primed Against Citrullinated Autoantigens at Mucosal Extra-­Articular Sites6.3 Autoimmunity Against Citrullinated Proteins Gradually Develops and Precedes Chronic Joint Inflammation; 6.4 ACPAs Target Maturing Osteoclasts Leading to Bone Loss and Pain in the Absence of Inflammation; 6.5 Summary; References; Chapter 7: Porphyromonas gingivalis Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase: A Unique Bacterial PAD with Implications for Periodontal Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Epidemiology, Etiology, and Clinical Features of PD ; 7.3 Oral Cavity Colonization and PD7.4 Porphyromonas gingivalis Is a Main Causative Agent of PD in Adult Population; 7.5 Citrullination Is a Posttranslational Modification Catalyzed by Peptidyl Arginine Deiminases; 7.5.1 Citrullination Catalyzed by PAD/PADI Is a Common Physiological Protein Modification; 7.5.2 Citrullination Catalyzed by PAD/PADI Is Implicated in the Pathogenesis of Several Diseases; 7.5.3 Citrullination Catalyzed by PPAD Is a Unique Feature of P. gingivalis; 7.5.4 Biochemical Properties of PPAD; 7.5.5 The Facts and Hypotheses on PPAD Implication in the Pathogenesis of PD