Towards the development of a manual on integration of values in African literature in English for secondary schools in Tanzania

• Main Author: Komba, David A.
• Format: text
• Language: English
• Published: Animo Repository 1992
• Subjects: Values > Teaching; African literature (English) > Handbooks; manuals; etc; High schools > Tanzania; African Languages and Societies; Comparative Literature; English Language and Literature
• Online Access: https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/etd_masteral/1431
• Institution: De La Salle University

This descriptive study, which uses content analysis, proceeds to develop a manual on integration of values in teaching African literature in English for Secondary Schools in Tanzania. Specifically, the study had the following aims: 1. To analyze and synthesize the African cultural and traditional values as represented in some documents and literary works in English. 2. To determine the values framework in Tanzanian setting.3. To determine the value-themes which can be integrated in each year level (form). 4. To develop instructional objectives based on the values identified. 5. To develop a manual on integration of values using the model of Product Development Cycle. Findings: Following are the significant findings of the study: 1. Identification of Values: The Values identified are: Ujamaa (African Socialism) Self-reliance Equality Health Faith in God Search for Truth Love and African Identity .2. Value-Themes: These were determined following the different year levels: Form I - Faith in God and African Identity, Form II - Health and Search for Truth, Form III - Equality and Love, Form IV - Ujamaa and Self-reliance. Conclusions: This study came to the following conclusions: 1. The general trend of the African countries, especially in the field of literature, is to look into the past in order to have a firm foundation in the national development and transformation. 2. In Tanzania there is already a national ethic, represented by the Ujamaa policy and Education for Self-reliance, which has already some roots. These two things, together with the national language (Swahili, the lingua franca of East Africa) have given Tanzania status and identity. 3. There are some basic values which are universal and common to all. 4. Literary works like the novel, short story, poetry, and essays have wide and different values which can easily be identified and incorporated in the instructional materials. 5. Values are interconnected and therefore they cannot be taken and taught in isolation. There is a need of having a continuity. 6. Values are not eternal. They can change according to the history and development of the society. Recommendations: This study recommended the following as suggestions in the research process: 1. There should be a more extensive study using more classroom materials. This could lead to more conclusive results. 2. Since the environment has changed and is still changing, it is recommended that values be identified through other methods also e.g. inductive method, using questionaire or opinionnaire. 3. Based on this study, it is recommended that full-swing instructional materials be developed to answer the need of values integration and also of instructional materials which are locally developed.