A ternary Fe₁₋ₓS@Porous carbon nanowires/reduced graphene oxide hybrid film electrode with superior volumetric and gravimetric capacities for flexible sodium ion batteries

• Main Authors: Liu, Yang, Fang, Yongjin, Zhao, Zhiwei, Yuan, Changzhou, Lou, David Xiong Wen
• Other Authors: School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Engineering::Chemical engineering; Anode; Flexible Electrode
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/150961
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

Smart construction of ultraflexible electrodes with superior gravimetric and volumetric capacities is still challenging yet significant for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) toward wearable electronic devices. Herein, a hybrid film made of hierarchical Fe₁₋ₓS-filled porous carbon nanowires/reduced graphene oxide (Fe₁₋ₓS@PCNWs/rGO) is synthesized through a facile assembly and sulfuration strategy. The resultant hybrid paper exhibits high flexibility and structural stability. The multidimensional paper architecture possesses several advantages, including rendering an efficient electron/ion transport network, buffering the volume expansion of Fe₁₋ₓS nanoparticles, mitigating the dissolution of polysulfides, and enabling superior kinetics toward efficient sodium storage. When evaluated as a self-supporting anode for SIBs, the Fe₁₋ₓS@PCNWs/rGO paper electrode exhibits remarkable reversible capacities of 573–89 mAh g⁻¹ over 100 consecutive cycles at 0.1 A g⁻¹ with areal mass loadings of 0.9–11.2 mg cm⁻² and high volumetric capacities of 424–180 mAh cm⁻³ in the current density range of 0.2–5 A g⁻¹. More competitively, a SIB based on this flexible Fe₁₋ₓS@PCNWs/rGO anode demonstrates outstanding electrochemical properties, thus highlighting its enormous potential in versatile flexible and wearable applications.