Sodium diffuses from glass substrates through P1 lines and passivates defects in perovskite solar modules

• Main Authors: Kosasih, Felix Utama, Di Giacomo, Francesco, Ferrer Orri, Jordi, Li, Kexue, Tennyson, Elizabeth M., Li, Weiwei, Matteocci, Fabio, Kusch, Gunnar, Yaghoobi Nia, Narges, Oliver, Rachel A., MacManus-Driscoll, Judith L., Moore, Katie L., Stranks, Samuel D., Di Carlo, Aldo, Divitini, Giorgio, Ducati, Caterina
• Other Authors: Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2023
• Subjects: Engineering::Materials; Soda Lime Glass; Thin Film Photovoltaics
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/169736
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

Most thin film photovoltaic modules are constructed on soda lime glass (SLG) substrates containing alkali oxides, such as Na2O. Na may diffuse from SLG into a module’s active layers through P1 lines, an area between a module’s constituent cells where the substrate-side charge transport layer (CTL) i...