Amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration profiles and longitudinal cognition in sporadic young-onset dementia

• Main Authors: Vipin, Ashwati, Koh, Chen Ling, Wong, Benjamin Yi Xin, Zailan, Fatin Zahra, Tan, Jayne Yi, Soo, See Ann, Satish, Vaynii, Kumar, Dilip, Wang, Brian Zhiyang, Ng, Adeline Su Lyn, Chiew, Hui Jin, Ng, Kok Pin, Kandiah, Nagaendran
• Other Authors: Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2023
• Subjects: Science::Medicine; Cognition; Longitudinal
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/172174
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

We examined amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration biomarker effects on cognition in a Southeast-Asian cohort of 84 sporadic young-onset dementia (YOD; age-at-onset <65 years) patients. They were stratified into A+N+, A- N+, and A- N- profiles via cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β1-42 (A), phosphorylated-tau (T), MRI medial temporal atrophy (neurodegeneration- N), and confluent white matter hyperintensities cerebrovascular disease (CVD). A, T, and CVD effects on longitudinal Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were evaluated. A+N+ patients demonstrated steeper MMSE decline than A- N+ (β = 1.53; p = 0.036; CI 0.15:2.92) and A- N- (β = 4.68; p = 0.001; CI 1.98:7.38) over a mean follow-up of 1.24 years. Within A- N+, T- CVD+ patients showed greater MMSE decline compared to T+CVD- patients (β = - 2.37; p = 0.030; CI - 4.41:- 0.39). A+ results in significant cognitive decline, while CVD influences longitudinal cognition in the A- sub-group.