汉语关系从句的教学与习得：基于新加坡 小学华文教材与英汉双语儿童的实证研究 = Acquisition of Chinese relative clauses: a study based on primary school Chinese textbooks and English-Chinese bilingual children in Singapore

• Main Author: 戴雅雯 Dai, Ya Wen
• Other Authors: Lin Jingxia
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2024
• Subjects: Arts and Humanities; 关系从句 Relative clause; 新加坡双语儿童 Singapore bilingual children; 华文教材 Chinese textbooks
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/174117
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

儿童语言习得一直是语言研究的重要课题，其中与关系从句（Relative Clause）有关的语法研究更是不计其数。然而，目前关注新加坡儿童关系从句习得的研究相当匮乏，前人也不曾研究新加坡针对关系从句的教学情况。 本文以新加坡英汉双语儿童为研究对象，从以下两个角度考察儿童对汉语关系从句的习得情况：（1）本文统计小学教材中关系从句的不同类型和出现频率，并探讨关系从句的分布如何体现学校对各年级的教学安排；（2）本文通过理解和翻译两项语言测试考察不同年龄段的儿童对汉语关系从句的实际使用情况，并结合前人研究理论， 查看十种关系从句类型：SS、OS、SO、OO、SIO、OIO、SOPREP、OOPREP、 SGEN、OGEN。 本研究主要发现：（1）新加坡小学教材只包含 SU 和 DO 类型的关系从句，并未出现任何 IO、OPREP 和 GEN 类型的例句；（2）在两项测验中，新加坡儿童对汉语关系从句的产出准确率低于理解准确率，而关系从句的类型和儿童年龄组之间的得分等级也存有差异；（3）从儿童所产出的错误类型来看，其汉语关系从句的习得受语言迁移影响，出现一些独特语言现象。综合调查结果，儿童实际习得情况已超出教学安排， 因此教材编写或需作出调整。 Relative clause (RC) has always been a prominent topic in the linguistic field of children’s language acquisition. However, few studies have covered the RC acquisition of children in Singapore, and there is currently no study regarding the teaching of RC in Singapore. To fill the gap, this study collects data from English-Chinese bilingual children in Singapore and investigates their acquisition of Chinese RC from the following two aspects: (1) examining the different RC types in Singapore primary school textbooks and discussing how their distribution within each primary level reflects the RC teaching arrangements in schools; and (2) investigating children’s actual use of Chinese RC through comprehension and translation language tests, combined with previous research theories to look at ten types of relative clauses: SS, OS, SO, OO, SIO, OIO, SOPREP, OOPREP, SGEN, OGEN. The main findings of this study are: (1) Singapore primary school textbooks only contain SU and DO RC types, as no examples of IO, OPREP and GEN types were found; (2) The accuracy rate from the two tests showed that Singapore children are more competent in RC comprehension than production, and there are significant differences between data for different RC types and children age groups; and (3) From the types of errors produced by children subjects, their acquisition of Chinese RC is influenced by language transfer, resulting in some unique language phenomena. As a comprehensive overview, the actual acquisition of Chinese RC by children has far exceeded the teachings in school, therefore adjustments to the teaching materials could be made.