Fungal infections: immune defense, immunotherapies and vaccines

Invasive fungal infection is an under recognized and emerging global health threat. Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) released the first ever list of health-threatening fungi to guide research and public health interventions to strengthen global response to fungi infections and antifunga...

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Main Authors: Loh, Jia Tong, Lam, Kong-Peng
Other Authors: School of Biological Sciences
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: 2024
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10356/174590
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Institution: Nanyang Technological University
Language: English
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spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-1745902024-04-08T15:32:12Z Fungal infections: immune defense, immunotherapies and vaccines Loh, Jia Tong Lam, Kong-Peng School of Biological Sciences Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUS Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Innate immunity Adaptive immunity Invasive fungal infection is an under recognized and emerging global health threat. Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) released the first ever list of health-threatening fungi to guide research and public health interventions to strengthen global response to fungi infections and antifungal resistance. Currently, antifungal drugs only demonstrate partial success in improving prognosis of infected patients, and this is compounded by the rapid evolution of drug resistance among fungi species. The increased prevalence of fungal infections in individuals with underlying immunological deficiencies reflects the importance of an intact host immune system in controlling mycoses, and further highlights immunomodulation as a potential new avenue for the treatment of disseminated fungal diseases. In this review, we will summarize how host innate immune cells sense invading fungi through their pattern recognition receptors, and subsequently initiate a series of effector mechanisms and adaptive immune responses to mediate fungal clearance. In addition, we will discuss emerging preclinical and clinical data on antifungal immunotherapies and fungal vaccines which can potentially expand our antifungal armamentarium in future. Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Ministry of Health (MOH) National Medical Research Council (NMRC) Published version This work is supported by the Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council under its Open-Fund Individual Research Grant (NMRC/OFIRG19may-0083) to KPL and JTL, Open Fund-Young Individual Research Grant (NMRC/ OFYIRG21nov-0035) to JTL. and A*STAR core grant to KPL. 2024-04-03T05:52:08Z 2024-04-03T05:52:08Z 2023 Journal Article Loh, J. T. & Lam, K. (2023). Fungal infections: immune defense, immunotherapies and vaccines. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 196, 114775-. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2023.114775 0169-409X https://hdl.handle.net/10356/174590 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114775 36924530 2-s2.0-85150839805 196 114775 en NMRC/OFIRG19may-0083 Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). application/pdf
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
continent Asia
country Singapore
Singapore
content_provider NTU Library
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
Innate immunity
Adaptive immunity
spellingShingle Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
Innate immunity
Adaptive immunity
Loh, Jia Tong
Lam, Kong-Peng
Fungal infections: immune defense, immunotherapies and vaccines
description Invasive fungal infection is an under recognized and emerging global health threat. Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) released the first ever list of health-threatening fungi to guide research and public health interventions to strengthen global response to fungi infections and antifungal resistance. Currently, antifungal drugs only demonstrate partial success in improving prognosis of infected patients, and this is compounded by the rapid evolution of drug resistance among fungi species. The increased prevalence of fungal infections in individuals with underlying immunological deficiencies reflects the importance of an intact host immune system in controlling mycoses, and further highlights immunomodulation as a potential new avenue for the treatment of disseminated fungal diseases. In this review, we will summarize how host innate immune cells sense invading fungi through their pattern recognition receptors, and subsequently initiate a series of effector mechanisms and adaptive immune responses to mediate fungal clearance. In addition, we will discuss emerging preclinical and clinical data on antifungal immunotherapies and fungal vaccines which can potentially expand our antifungal armamentarium in future.
author2 School of Biological Sciences
author_facet School of Biological Sciences
Loh, Jia Tong
Lam, Kong-Peng
format Article
author Loh, Jia Tong
Lam, Kong-Peng
author_sort Loh, Jia Tong
title Fungal infections: immune defense, immunotherapies and vaccines
title_short Fungal infections: immune defense, immunotherapies and vaccines
title_full Fungal infections: immune defense, immunotherapies and vaccines
title_fullStr Fungal infections: immune defense, immunotherapies and vaccines
title_full_unstemmed Fungal infections: immune defense, immunotherapies and vaccines
title_sort fungal infections: immune defense, immunotherapies and vaccines
publishDate 2024
url https://hdl.handle.net/10356/174590
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