A practical study of factors that affect forward osmosis experiments

Reverse osmosis (RO) can provide ultra pure water but is not an ideal process as high pressure is required to overcome osmotic pressure in sea-water. The high pressure requires large amount of electrical energy and this in turn causes other environmental issues like burning of fossil fuels and pollu...

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Main Author: Teo, Jia En.
Other Authors: Liu Yu
Format: Final Year Project
Language:English
Published: 2010
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10356/40171
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Institution: Nanyang Technological University
Language: English
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spelling sg-ntu-dr.10356-401712023-03-03T17:23:11Z A practical study of factors that affect forward osmosis experiments Teo, Jia En. Liu Yu School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Singapore Membrane Technology Centre DRNTU::Engineering::Environmental engineering::Water treatment Reverse osmosis (RO) can provide ultra pure water but is not an ideal process as high pressure is required to overcome osmotic pressure in sea-water. The high pressure requires large amount of electrical energy and this in turn causes other environmental issues like burning of fossil fuels and pollution. Forward osmosis (FO) on the other hand makes use of concentration gradient between two solutions to induce a net flow of water across a semi permeable membrane. It may be more environmentally friendly and it may have lesser tendency to fouling as compared to reverse osmosis. However FO has its own unique issues like internal concentration polarization and such. The main aim of this study was to investigate FO flux behaviours with different hydrodynamic conditions and different draw solutions. At the same time, the technique of Ultrasonic Time Domain Reflectometry (UTDR) was explored for a quantitative measure of fouling on FO membrane. It was found that factors like fouling, external and internal concentration polarization causes flux performance to decline. Increased draw flow rate increased the flux. However increased feed flow rate decreased flux. Further study can be done to investigate the abnormal phenomenon. UTDR analysis was found not feasible due to the setup and limitations of the equipment. The setup can be modified and a better transducer can be used in future study in order to apply the technique to better investigate membrane fouling effects. Bachelor of Engineering (Environmental Engineering) 2010-06-11T03:31:58Z 2010-06-11T03:31:58Z 2010 2010 Final Year Project (FYP) http://hdl.handle.net/10356/40171 en Nanyang Technological University 34 p. application/pdf
institution Nanyang Technological University
building NTU Library
continent Asia
country Singapore
Singapore
content_provider NTU Library
collection DR-NTU
language English
topic DRNTU::Engineering::Environmental engineering::Water treatment
spellingShingle DRNTU::Engineering::Environmental engineering::Water treatment
Teo, Jia En.
A practical study of factors that affect forward osmosis experiments
description Reverse osmosis (RO) can provide ultra pure water but is not an ideal process as high pressure is required to overcome osmotic pressure in sea-water. The high pressure requires large amount of electrical energy and this in turn causes other environmental issues like burning of fossil fuels and pollution. Forward osmosis (FO) on the other hand makes use of concentration gradient between two solutions to induce a net flow of water across a semi permeable membrane. It may be more environmentally friendly and it may have lesser tendency to fouling as compared to reverse osmosis. However FO has its own unique issues like internal concentration polarization and such. The main aim of this study was to investigate FO flux behaviours with different hydrodynamic conditions and different draw solutions. At the same time, the technique of Ultrasonic Time Domain Reflectometry (UTDR) was explored for a quantitative measure of fouling on FO membrane. It was found that factors like fouling, external and internal concentration polarization causes flux performance to decline. Increased draw flow rate increased the flux. However increased feed flow rate decreased flux. Further study can be done to investigate the abnormal phenomenon. UTDR analysis was found not feasible due to the setup and limitations of the equipment. The setup can be modified and a better transducer can be used in future study in order to apply the technique to better investigate membrane fouling effects.
author2 Liu Yu
author_facet Liu Yu
Teo, Jia En.
format Final Year Project
author Teo, Jia En.
author_sort Teo, Jia En.
title A practical study of factors that affect forward osmosis experiments
title_short A practical study of factors that affect forward osmosis experiments
title_full A practical study of factors that affect forward osmosis experiments
title_fullStr A practical study of factors that affect forward osmosis experiments
title_full_unstemmed A practical study of factors that affect forward osmosis experiments
title_sort practical study of factors that affect forward osmosis experiments
publishDate 2010
url http://hdl.handle.net/10356/40171
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